Read the following passage about The Psychological Dynamics of Breadcrumbing and mark the letter A, B, C or D...

Read the following advertisement and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 1 to 6.

Masterclass: Elite Football Management & Strategy

❖        Are you seeking to dominate the sports industry?

⮚        Our comprehensive curriculum delivers (1)_________ knowledge regarding professional administration. This intensive masterclass, (2)_________ by world-class journalists, deconstructs how modern teams achieve success. 

⮚        We analyze the complex geopolitical (3)_________ that frequently defines contemporary club ownership. Enroll in a program (4)_________ emphasizes strategic planning over mere celebrity status. A (5)_________ of previous graduates now hold influential positions globally.

⮚        Do not let this unique chance (6)_________ because registration closes shortly. Transform your passion into a rewarding career through our specialized methodology. Every participant receives personalized guidance tailored to their specific goals.

❖        Act now to secure your future in this rapidly evolving field.

https://www.theguardian.com/j

Question 1:A. value
B.  valueless
C.  valuable
D.  valuably

Question 2:A. which facilitated
B.  facilitating
C.  facilitated
D.  will facilitated

Question 3:A. brinkmanship
B.  stewardship
C.  manoeuvring
D.  posturing

Question 4:A. that
B.  whom
C.  who
D.  whose

Question 5:A. great deal
B.  significant number
C.  significant amount
D.  large amount

Question 6:A. fall through
B.  blow over
C.  pass by
D.  slip away

Read of the following leaflet and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 7 to 12.

IS YOUR DIGITAL PRESENCE GENUINE?

⮚        In the remote work era, many employees find themselves (7)_________ away for hours, yet they still fear being judged by their online status. To solve this, some use (8)_________ known as mouse movers to simulate activity.

⮚        These gadgets are becoming (9)_________ traditional software because they are harder for companies to detect. However, you must remember that your entire career is (10)_________ stake if you are caught "faking" your work.

⮚        (11)_________, installing unauthorized tools can lead to serious security breaches on company laptops. Using these devices often results in a permanent erosion of trust between you and your employer. Instead of worrying about your status switching from active to (12)_________, you should focus on maintaining your professional integrity.

❖        Choose real productivity over deceptive shortcuts!

https://www.tomsguide.com/j

Question 7:A. toiling
B.  striving
C.  frittering
D.  drifting

Question 8:A. clever peripherals hardware
B.  peripherals hardware clever 

C.  hardware clever peripherals
D.  clever hardware peripherals

Question 9:A. as popular than
B.  more popular than        

C.  more popular as
D.  much popular than

Question 10:A. for
B.  at
C.  with
D.  to

Question 11:A. Nevertheless
B.  Alternatively
C.  Furthermore
D.  Consequently

Question 12:A. idle
B.  latent
C.  dormant
D.  stagnant

Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best arrangement of utterances or sentences to make a meaningful exchange or text in each of the following questions from 13 to 17.

Question 13:

A.         Leo: That’s adaptive radiation. One species moved to different islands and changed its tools to eat different snacks without fighting!

B.         Sam: So it’s like a big family reunion where everyone orders a different pizza just to avoid an argument? Nature is so smart!

C.         Sam: Look at these finches! Why do they have such different beaks when they are all related?

A.  c-b-a
B.  a-c-b
C.  b-c-a
D.  c-a-b

Question 14:

A.         Sam: These seasonal rituals are essential for us since they create a strong sense of belonging that people often forget in their busy modern lives.

B.         Leo: I totally agree with you because the atmosphere feels incredibly warm when neighbors who rarely speak suddenly start sharing hot chocolate and laughter.

C.         Sam: If we continue to join these local festivals every year, our community will always be a friendly place where everyone feels like they truly belong.

D.         Sam: Although I usually prefer staying indoors during the cold winter, I really love how our annual neighborhood lighting ceremony brings everyone out onto the street.

e.        Leo: You are right, and it is truly amazing how a simple tradition like decorating the communal garden can transform a group of strangers into a close family.

A.  a-d-e-b-c
B.  d-e-a-c-b
C.  b-d-c-a-e
D.  d-b-a-e-c

Question 15:

Dear Alex,

A.         This happened because advanced algorithms now analyze thousands of human masterpieces to understand the exact patterns that trigger our deepest emotions.

B.         If a computer can compose a melody that makes us feel nostalgic for the past, then the boundary between technology and creativity has truly vanished.

C.         While some critics argue that AI art lacks a soul, I believe it acts as a powerful mirror reflecting our collective feelings back at us.

D.         Although I used to believe that machines were cold and heartless, I was recently stunned by a digital painting that actually brought tears to my eyes.

e.        Since you are always fascinated by the future of technology, you should definitely visit the new exhibit to experience these moving compositions for yourself.

Best,

J

A.  a-b-d-c-e
B.  b-c-d-a-e
C.  a-e-b-d-c
D.  d-a-c-b-e

Question 16:

A.         Even though this model is still experimental, it represents a significant shift in how we think about governance and the future of human habitats.

B.         Although traditional urban planning often faces many challenges, the charter city revolution offers a fresh model where new rules can foster rapid economic development.

C.         While the idea of urban autonomy sounds promising for investors, it also raises complex questions regarding how much control a central government should maintain over these regions.

D.         Because developers are allowed to implement unique legal frameworks, they can attract international companies that are looking for a more stable and efficient business environment.

e.        These cities operate under their own administrative systems, so they can effectively bypass old bureaucratic hurdles that often slow down innovation in standard metropolitan areas.

A.  d-b-c-e-a        
B.  b-e-c-d-a
C.  c-e-d-b-a
D.  e-d-b-c-a

Question 17:

A.         While many people believe that music is a universal language, others argue that its meaning is deeply rooted in specific cultural traditions and histories.

B.         Although the technical structures of songs vary greatly across the globe, the fundamental desire to express joy and grief through sound is a trait that all humans share.

C.         Because different societies use unique scales and instruments, a melody that sounds happy in one country might evoke sadness or even fear in another culture.

D.         If we look beyond the specific rules of music theory, we can see that music serves as a bridge that connects the diverse experiences of humanity.

e.        Researchers have found that certain rhythms can mimic the human heartbeat, and this biological connection suggests that some musical elements might transcend cultural boundaries.

A.  a-e-c-b-d
B.  a-d-e-b-c
C.  a-c-d-b-e
D.  a-b-c-e-d

Read the following passage about Bridging the Gap in Digital Bodily Autonomy and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 18 to 22.

(18)_________, an incident that horrified the public, that sparked a massive wave of nationwide protests. This public outcry has placed significant pressure on lawmakers (19)_________. Currently, the rapid proliferation of non-consensual and highly explicit images has exposed a dangerous loophole in the national penal code, which was originally drafted to regulate only traditional photography. Digital rights activists emphasize that the mental trauma inflicted by generative AI is profound; consequently, they view the government's previous legislative inertia as a failure to protect vulnerable citizens. (20)_________, a move long-awaited by digital rights advocates, is a firm commitment to finally criminalize the unauthorized distribution of AI-generated content. This specific case serves as a crucial watershed moment for all of Europe because it highlights the fragility of privacy in the modern age. Legal experts argue that technology continues to evolve at an unprecedented speed, (21)_________. Ultimately, ensuring that every individual maintains complete bodily autonomy is the only way to safeguard human dignity against technological exploitation. Without these necessary changes, the trust between the state and its people may continue to erode as new AI tools become even more sophisticated and accessible to the general public. The world is watching how Germany handles this crisis, (22)_________. Furthermore, the collective efforts of these determined activists demonstrate why society must never ignore the ethical implications of progress.

https://www.reuters.com/j

Question 18:

A.  It was the shocking emergence of a high-profile deepfake pornography case across Germany

B.  It was the shocking emergence of a high-profile deepfake pornography case within Germany

C.  It was the shocking emergence of a high-profile deepfake pornography case in Germany

D.  It was the shocking emergence of a high-profile deepfake pornography case inside Germany

Question 19:

A.  which are now being forced to overhaul the country’s existing legal structures

B.  who are now being forced to overhaul the country’s existing legal structures

C.  who had already been forced to overhaul the country’s existing legal structures

D.  who will now be forced to overhaul the country’s existing legal structures

Question 20:

A.  What the Justice Ministry has recently signaled through official statements

B.  What the Justice Ministry had recently signaled through official statements

C.  What the Justice Ministry is recently signaling through official statements

D.  That the Justice Ministry has recently signaled through official statements

Question 21:

A.  but the judicial system has already adapted fully to address all forms of digital harassment

B.  and the judicial system must adapt quickly to ensure that digital harassment is met with severe punishment

C.  and the judicial system may struggle to adapt even if digital harassment is no longer a concern

D.  so the judicial system had adapted quickly to ensure that digital harassment was severely punished

Question 22:

A.  as it had already set a global precedent for digital legislation years ago

B.  as it will likely set a global precedent for future digital legislation

C.  as it may not set any meaningful precedent for future digital legislation

D.  as it might only influence minor local policies rather than global legislation

Read the following passage about the The Imperative of Monetary Vigilance and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 31 to 40.

The current disinflationary trend within the services sector offers a glimmer of hope for the economy. However, the volatility of prices regarding tangible commodities remains a significant hurdle for hitting the 2% target. Analysts suggest that the Bank must err on the side of caution rather than risk a fiscal relapse. This overarching concern regarding price levels dictates the current stance of policymakers. [I] They realize that any oversight now could lead to a catastrophic surge in future living costs.

Maintaining unwavering vigilance, the Monetary Policy Committee argues that cutting interest rates too early could destabilize national markets. A premature reduction in borrowing costs is viewed as a hawkish gamble that might reignite dormant inflationary pressures. Instead of immediate recalibration, the committee prioritizes preventing a secondary wave of price hikes. [II] Inflationary expectations must be firmly anchored before any policy shift occurs. Such a rigorous approach ensures that the foundation of the economy remains solid, even if it necessitates temporary financial discomfort for the broader population.

Consequently, various stakeholders, including mortgage holders and entrepreneurs, face the longevity of restrictive monetary settings. Many are increasingly apprehensive as their expectations for a rate cut in late 2025 remain clouded by uncertainty. [III] Historically, interest rates have fluctuated, but their current plateau seems remarkably persistent. This prolonged period serves as a cooling mechanism to ensure that the broader financial environment does not lose its stability or overheat unexpectedly.

Ultimately, achieving long-term price stability requires equanimity from both the public and private sectors. Stability is considered a prerequisite for sustainable growth, making it a resilient shield against global shocks. The mitigation of inflationary risks remains the paramount objective, outweighing the desire for short-term economic relief or political popularity. By sticking to this disciplined path, the central bank aims to foster a predictable environment. [IV ]It is this commitment to consistency that will eventually pave the way for a more prosperous future.

https://www.theguardian.com/j

Question 31: The phrase “err on the side of caution” in paragraph 1 has the closest meaning to _________.

A.  forge ahead                                B. bring about                                C. set forth                                        D. hold back

Question 32: According to the passage, which of the following is NOT MENTIONED as a factor in the Bank's decision-making?

A.  The cooling inflationary pressures within the services sector.

B.  The implementation of significant corporate tax rate reductions.

C.  The volatility of prices regarding various tangible commodities.

D.  The priority of achieving sustainable national price stability.

Question 33: Where in the paragraph does the following sentence best fit?

If economic stagnation occurs, the burden on small enterprises could intensify significantly.

A. [I]
B. [II]
C. [III]
D. [IV]

Question 34: The word “hawkish” in paragraph 2 is OPPOSITE in meaning to _________.

A.  stringent                                        B. accommodative                        C. inexorable                                D. dogmatic

Question 35: Which of the following best summarises paragraph 3?

A.  Extended restrictive monetary measures exacerbate uncertainty and apprehension among economic stakeholders.

B.  Historical fluctuations in interest rates provide a definitive solution to current market stagnation.

C.  Small business resilience will naturally strengthen during the persistent plateau of borrowing costs.

D.  Immediate policy recalibrations are being implemented to relieve the financial pressure on mortgage holders.

Question 36: The word “their” in paragraph 3 refers to _________.

A.  restrictive monetary settings

B.  small enterprises

C.  interest rates

D.  many

Question 37: Which of the following best paraphrases the underlined sentence in paragraph 4?

A.  Securing widespread political favor is prioritized over the necessity of curbing future inflation.

B.  Immediate economic relief remains more essential than mitigating long-term risks of price instability.

C.  Balancing financial assistance with public popularity is the primary concern for central bankers.

D.  Lessening inflationary dangers takes precedence over seeking immediate fiscal support or political popularity.

Question 38: Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A.  Policymakers prioritize immediate economic relief over price stability.

B.  Inflation targets for tangible goods were successfully achieved.

C.  Sustainable economic growth is predicated on price stability.

D.  Interest rate cuts in 2025 are now certain.

Question 39: Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?

A.  Public approval dictates the primary focus of national monetary policies.

B.  Restrictive settings function as mechanisms to prevent economic overheating.

C.  Service costs reduction ensures an immediate drop in interest rates.

D.  Entrepreneurs remain entirely certain regarding the upcoming rate cut schedule.

Question 40: Which of the following best summarises the passage?

A.  Disciplined monetary restraint ensures long-term stability despite intense socio-economic pressures.

B.  Service sector disinflation guarantees a rapid transition toward sustained national prosperity.

C.  Policymakers prioritize immediate financial relief over the rigorous mitigation of inflation.

D.  Historical fluctuations necessitate an urgent reduction in national borrowing costs.