Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best arrangement of utterances or sentences...

Read the following advertisement and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 1 to 6.

RECONNECT: Where Digital Meets Genuine

Surrounded by notifications, yet feeling empty inside?

⮚        You're not alone. Millions scroll (1)_________ through feeds, collecting likes and follows, but the void only grows deeper. Behind every screen lies a heart seeking connection (2)_________ digital boundaries.

⮚        Studies reveal a paradox: Gen Z, the most connected generation in history, reports unprecedented (3)_________ of loneliness. The constant buzz of digital interaction has become white noise, (4)_________ the melody of real human connection.

❖        It's time to bridge the gap.

⮚        RECONNECT revolutionizes social connection through innovative AI (5)_________ technology. Our intelligent system, (6)_________ guides you from digital introductions to meaningful real-world encounters, doesn't replace human interaction—it amplifies it.

❖        Transform your social life:

✔        Discover compatible souls in your vicinity

✔        Transition seamlessly from chat to coffee

✔        Build lasting bonds, not fleeting followers

✔        Rediscover the joy of genuine laughter

Download RECONNECT now.

Because the best moments happen when screens fade to black and real life begins.

https://www.psychologytoday.com/tc

Question 1:A. endlessly
B.  endful
C.  endless
D.  endlessness

Question 2:A. have transcended
B.  was transcended
C.  transcending
D.  which transcended

Question 3:A. much 
B.  levels
C.  each
D.  many

Question 4:A. bringing up
B.  picking up
C.  turning up
D.  drowning out

Question 5:A. companionship
B.  friendship
C.  communication
D.  connection

Question 6:A. whom 
B.  who
C.  which
D.  whose

Read of the following leaflet and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 7 to 12.

PROTECT YOUR HEALTH - KNOW YOUR RIGHTS!

❖        Important Information for San Francisco Residents

⮚        Did you know? San Francisco is taking action (7)_________ light of shocking health statistics from ultra-processed foods! Major corporations violated the (8)_________ competition law by misleading consumers about their products' health risks.

⮚        (9)_________ these companies claim their products are safe, scientific evidence shows they cause serious health problems. Our (10)_________s are seeing more patients with diabetes and heart disease every year.

⮚        The city filed this lawsuit under the public nuisance (11)_________ to protect all residents from harmful marketing practices. Some companies have already changed their advertising, while (12)_________ continue targeting children with unhealthy products.

❖        What Can You Do?

✔        Read food labels carefully

✔        Choose fresh, whole foods when possible

✔        Support local businesses selling healthy options

✔        Report misleading food advertisements to authorities

Free Community Workshop

Every Saturday, 10 AM - 12 PM

San Francisco Community Health Center

Call (415) 555-HEALTH

Together, we can create a healthier San Francisco!

This message is brought to you by the San Francisco Department of Public Health

https://apnews.com/tc

Question 7:A. in
B.  for
C.  at
D.  about

Question 8:A. improper
B.  unjust
C.  unethical
D.  unfair

Question 9:A. Although
B.  Until
C.  Despite
D.  However

Question 10:A. health local centers
B.  centers local health 

C.  local centers health
D.  local health centers

Question 11:A. regulation
B.  code
C.  statute
D.  law

Question 12:A. the others
B.  other
C.  another
D.  others

Read the following passage about The Impact of Cognitive Offloading on Human Memory and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 18 to 22.

Cognitive offloading, which means using external tools to help memory, is an important strategy for improving how we remember things. Two large studies (18)_________. The results show that offloading makes task performance better, especially when people must use it instead of choosing freely. More improvements were found in studies (19)_________. Another study found that offloading reduces differences between people, helping everyone perform more consistently. This method works well because it removes pressure from our brains. When we use notebooks, phones, or calendars, we can remember information more easily and accurately. Additionally, this approach develops better habits for organizing our daily lives.

What is interesting about these findings is that the stabilizing effect was stronger in adults than in children, (20)_________. The benefit was especially clear in prospective memory tasks, where people need to remember to do something in the future. (21)_________. The type of material used, such as words or images, did not affect how helpful offloading was. These results suggest that cognitive offloading is more than just convenient—it is a powerful tool that improves memory performance while making results more equal among different people. (22)_________. Using aids like written reminders shows real value in modern society. Research continues to expand our understanding of these benefits.

https://link.springer.com/tc

Question 18:

A.  have been done to analyze where instruments teach machines understand complex technological problems

B.  have been done to examine how this technique helps people complete memory tasks

C.  have been done to discover why that system prevents birds construct suitable nesting areas

D.  having been done to measure whether procedures strengthen animals develop protective biological systems

Question 19:

A.  the new groups are doing some tests of drugs now

B.  which the lazy people had done many kinds of work too

C.  the main users did lots fewer of those at once

D.  where the same people did both types of tasks as well

Question 20:

A.  showing that older people benefit more from using external tools

B.  proving that younger people benefit more from using internal resources

C.  suggesting that elderly individuals suffer more when avoiding external assistance

D.  indicating that older adults lose more from relying on technological support devices

Question 21:

A.  Efficiency in testing was prevented but diverse training methods helped several experimental subjects

B.  Variety in methods has been reduced among selected research team members

C.  Consistency in performance has been improved across all participant groups

D.  Instability of results has restricted participation beyond most experimental control boundaries

Question 22:

A.  Personal effort helps focus on details and barriers create confusion about tasks

B.  Internal motivation complicates everyone's ability to understand important information and tasks

C.  Limited resources prevent people from forgetting critical information and completing tasks

D.  External support helps everyone succeed in remembering important information and tasks

Read the following passage about The 2023 Air Quality Crisis and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 23 to 30.

During summer 2023, North American air quality faced a serious crisis when Canadian wildfires burned over forty million acres of forest. These huge fires forced thousands to leave their homes while creating enormous smoke clouds that moved southward across national borders. The resulting air pollution affected millions of Americans, especially those living in northeastern and midwestern regions. This environmental disaster showed how natural disasters can quickly spread beyond one country's borders.

After twenty years of steady improvements, America's air quality suddenly got worse throughout 2023. Fine particulate matter (PM₂.₅) levels reached heights not seen since 2007, while ground-level ozone measurements matched those recorded in 2012. Forty-two states recorded their highest summer particle pollution readings within a decade, and forty-five experienced increased ozone amounts. Such widespread decline reversed decades of environmental progress, shocking scientists who had celebrated steady improvement.

Several states suffered very serious impacts from these pollutants. California, Oregon, and North Dakota faced extreme amounts of tiny particles that entered deep into residents' lungs. Meanwhile, California, Utah, Texas, and Illinois saw dangerous ozone levels that threatened public health. City populations in these areas faced breathing problems, with hospitals reporting more patients arriving for respiratory issues and heart problems.

This disaster revealed basic weaknesses in current climate preparation strategies. Despite strong environmental laws, developed nations remain at risk from extreme weather events made worse by global warming. Experts stress that complete international cooperation, better fire prevention methods, and updated healthcare plans are necessary for handling future risks. The 2023 experience serves as a clear warning that protecting air quality requires working together across national borders.

https://link.springer.com/tc

Question 23: According to the passage, all of the following are mentioned EXCEPT _________.

A.  Canadian wildfires burned over forty million acres of forest in 2023

B.  Hospitals reported more patients with respiratory and heart problems

C.  The economic cost of the air quality crisis exceeded billions of dollars

D.  Forty-five states experienced increased ozone amounts during summer 2023

Question 24: The word “their” in paragraph 1 refers to _________.

A.  The Canadian wildfires

B.  The smoke clouds

C.  The Americans affected by pollution

D.  Thousands of people

Question 25: The word “Fine” in paragraph 2 is OPPOSITE in meaning to _________.

A.  Dense                                        B. Coarse                                C. Moderate                                                D. Substantial

Question 26: The word “saw” in paragraph 3 could be best replaced by _________.

A.  examined                                        B. prevented                                C. experienced                                        D. anticipated

Question 27: Which of the following best paraphrases the underlined sentence in paragraph 4?

A.  Even with strict environmental regulations, wealthy countries still face significant dangers from climate change-intensified severe weather conditions.

B.  Strong environmental policies enable developed nations to effectively manage most extreme weather risks caused by global warming.

C.  Developed nations with environmental laws are beginning to address extreme weather events through global warming prevention measures.

D.  Environmental legislation in wealthy countries has reduced but not eliminated threats from extreme weather and climate change.

Question 28: Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A.  Canadian wildfires burned exactly forty million acres, forcing permanent American evacuations.

B.  Forty-two states recorded decade-high particle pollution; forty-five had increased ozone.

C.  Only California suffered both extreme particle pollution and dangerous ozone levels.

D.  PM₂.₅ levels in 2023 exceeded all historical records including 2007 measurements.

Question 29: In which paragraph does the writer mention how many states experienced increased ozone amounts?

A.  Paragraph 3                                B. Paragraph 1                                C. Paragraph 4                                D. Paragraph 2

Question 30: In which paragraph does the writer mention what solutions are suggested for future preparation?

A.  Paragraph 1                                B. Paragraph 2                                C. Paragraph 3                                D. Paragraph 4

Read the following passage about the Urban Rewilding: Bringing Wildlife Back to Cities and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 31 to 40.

Urban rewilding is an exciting new way to bring cities back to life by returning native animals to urban areas. With almost 70% of people expected to live in cities by 2050, this approach does more than just plant trees or create parks. [I] Instead of only adding green spaces, urban rewilding actively brings back original animal species to their old homes. This fresh idea challenges normal conservation methods, which usually focus on plants while forgetting about important animals needed for healthy ecosystems.

Several successful projects show that urban rewilding really works in different parts of the world. [II] In Sydney's Royal National Park, platypuses are now living and having their babies after being brought back. Singapore has hornbills flying between its tall buildings in the city center. These successful examples inspire other cities globally. These examples prove that cities can support various wildlife when people manage them properly.

Unfortunately, there are still many problems preventing urban rewilding from becoming common. Many restored parks look green but lack important animal species needed for a balanced nature. [III] Unwanted animals like wild cats, rats, and foxes control these areas, making it hard for native species to survive. Furthermore, there is a dearth of scientific research about urban rewilding, with only seventeen studies found among 2,800 papers about general rewilding topics examined by researchers.

Making urban rewilding work requires several important steps, including fixing habitats, controlling predators, and building artificial homes for animals. Wildlife paths connecting separated green areas help animals move safely through cities. People need education programs to accept reintroduced wildlife in their neighborhoods. [IV] Researchers must track which projects succeed and develop guidelines for choosing suitable species. Through these combined efforts, urban rewilding can create healthier cities where people regularly see native wildlife, helping city residents connect with nature in their daily lives.

https://www.rewildingmag.com/tc

Question 31: The phrase “bring something back to life” in paragraph 1 has the closest meaning to _________.

A.  break down                                B. put off                                        C. take over                                        D. liven up

Question 32: According to the passage, all are mentioned as unwanted animals EXCEPT _________.

A.  wild cats                                        B. hornbills                                        C. rats                                                D. foxes

Question 33: Where in the paragraph does the following sentence best fit?

Beavers have returned to London's wetlands after being gone for four hundred years.

A. [I]
B. [II]
C. [III]
D. [IV]

Question 34: The word “their” in paragraph 2 refers to _________.

A.  parks                                                B. cities                                                C. beavers                                        D. platypuses

Question 35: Which of the following best summarises paragraph 3?

A.  Urban rewilding faces challenges from insufficient funding and lack of public support for wildlife reintroduction programs in cities.

B.  Green urban spaces appear successful but fail to create complete ecosystems due to poor planning and management strategies.

C.  Native species struggle to survive in cities because of habitat destruction and competition from introduced plant species.

D.  Urban rewilding is hindered by invasive species dominating restored areas and limited scientific research on the topic.

Question 36: The word “dearth” in paragraph 3 is OPPOSITE in meaning to _________.

A.  insufficiency                                B. depletion                                        C. profusion                                        D. paucity

Question 37: Which of the following best paraphrases the underlined sentence in paragraph 4?

A.  Coordinated efforts make urban rewilding develop healthier cities where residents frequently observe native animals, strengthening their daily nature connections.

B.  Separate attempts help urban rewilding establish modern cities where visitors occasionally notice foreign species, improving their weekly outdoor experiences.

C.  Combined strategies let urban rewilding maintain greener cities where citizens sometimes encounter wild animals, enhancing their seasonal nature activities.

D.  Individual actions allow urban rewilding build cleaner cities where tourists rarely see local wildlife, supporting their monthly conservation interests.

Question 38: Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A.  Traditional conservation methods effectively balance plant restoration with native animal reintroduction in urban ecosystems worldwide.

B.  Scientific research on urban rewilding remains limited, with only seventeen studies found among thousands of general rewilding papers.

C.  Most restored urban parks successfully maintain balanced ecosystems by preventing invasive species from dominating their green spaces.

D.  Singapore's rewilding projects focus primarily on creating wetland habitats for reintroducing beavers after centuries of absence.

Question 39: Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?

A.  Urban rewilding success depends on coordinating multiple stakeholders, including researchers, educators, and wildlife managers, for effective implementation.

B.  Native animal populations naturally recover in urban environments once invasive species are removed and green spaces are properly established.

C.  Scientific research priorities currently favor traditional plant-based conservation over animal reintroduction projects in metropolitan areas worldwide.

D.  Most urban residents actively oppose wildlife reintroduction programs because they fear potential conflicts with reintroduced native species.

Question 40: Which of the following best summarises the passage?

A.  Urban rewilding transforms cities through plant restoration while traditional conservation methods focus on reintroducing native animals to create balanced urban ecosystems worldwide.

B.  Urban rewilding reintroduces native animals to cities, showing global success despite challenges like invasive species and limited research, requiring coordinated efforts for implementation.

C.  Urban rewilding primarily addresses overpopulation concerns by creating green spaces where invasive species thrive, though scientific research strongly supports these conservation initiatives.

D.  Urban rewilding emphasizes wildlife corridor construction between parks while education programs help researchers develop guidelines for managing existing animal populations in cities.