Read the following passage about the urban shift and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indi...

Read the following passage about climate change and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 1 to 5.

Climate change is one of the most pressing issues facing our planet today. Rising temperatures are causing polar ice caps to melt and sea levels to rise. Many coastal cities are now at risk of flooding during extreme weather events. (1) ____________. This has led to increased discussions about the need for sustainable practices.

Efforts to combat climate change have been implemented worldwide. Countries are working together to reduce carbon emissions, (2) ____________ through international agreements like the Paris Accord. Governments are also investing in renewable energy sources, which can help lessen our reliance on fossil fuels.

In addition to these initiatives, individuals can also make a difference. Simple actions, such as reducing waste and conserving energy, can contribute to a healthier environment. (3) ____________, we cannot achieve significant progress.

Climate change affects not only the environment but also human health and well-being. (4) ____________. Rising temperatures can lead to increased respiratory problems and heat-related illnesses. Therefore, it is essential to address these issues urgently to protect our planet and ourselves.

As awareness of climate change grows, more people are joining the movement for climate action. (5) ____________, which means that collective action is needed to create a sustainable world for generations to come.

Question 1.

A. Therefore, governments have begun to implement measures and policies in response.

B. Consequently, public awareness of the associated impacts has diminished.

C. As a result, efforts are being made to prepare for natural disasters.

D. Because of these changes, numerous natural habitats are being destroyed.

Question 2.

A. which are intended to decrease pollution and foster improvements in air quality.

B. that seek to reduce levels of pollution and promote cleaner air quality.

C. with the goal of promoting economic development.

D. which aim at mitigating air quality and enhancing pollution.

Question 3.

A. Should governments introduce new policies to enhance citizen welfare

B. While companies are striving to improve their practices

C. Without collective responsibility and individual accountability

D. Because the majority of actions are challenging to implement

Question 4.

A. Since rising temperatures are unavoidable, people should not adapt.

B. However, numerous experts believe that solutions can not be found.

C. Although actions can vary, the outcomes frequently exhibit similar patterns.

D. With the escalation of global temperatures, public health risks have become an increasing concern.

Question 5.

A. Such educational initiatives are instrumental in enhancing public awareness and fostering environmental responsibility.

B. Consequently, coordinated international efforts are essential to achieving effective outcomes.

C. Accordingly, active community engagement plays a pivotal role in mitigating the impacts of climate change.

D. Consequently, individuals alone can address climate issues effectively.

Read the following article and mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 16 to 21.

Vietnam’s fast economic growth has shown that making changes to the economy and having steady government policies can bring big positive results. Analysts emphasise that Vietnam’s success, from reducing poverty to global integration, underscores the power of stable system. The country’s (16)          domestic product expanded nearly sixtyfold since the Đổi mới reforms, accompanied by significant social improvements. Poverty has declined to below three per cent, and infrastructure modernisation has helped the country become more competitive in its region. (17) ____________ of the factors contributing to this surge are closely linked with Vietnam’s practical foreign relations and strong domestic policy.

In 2024 alone, Vietnam has attracted international recognition for its steady growth, (18) ____________ among the fastest-expanding economies worldwide. It has been sustained through a balance of market liberalisation and state intervention, supported by infrastructure investment. Development projects, (19) ____________ integrate transportation corridors with cross-border trade, have accelerated regional cooperation.

Observers note that Vietnam’s story is not only about economics; it also shows how united and flexible its society is. Its (20) ____________ transformation from a war-torn country to an influential middle power shows its resilience. International forums, in which Vietnam has assumed leadership roles, have further (21) ____________ its position in global diplomacy.

(Adapted from Viet Nam News, “Vietnam’s economic growth inspires other ASEAN members: Indonesian

scholar.”)

Question 16.
A. sum
B. full
C. gross
D. total

Question 17.
A. Several
B. Much
C. Every
D. Each

Question 18.
A. has ranked
B. having ranked
C. ranking
D. ranked

Question 19.
A. where
B. when
C. that
D. which

Question 20.
A. gradual
B. vague
C. ambitious
D. dramatic

Question 21.
A. brought up
B. taken up
C. gone up
D. stepped up

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions from 22 to 29.

One way of finding your future occupation in Germany is by pursuing a dual vocational training programme. Such programmes offer plenty of opportunities for on-the-job training and work experience. Programmes usually last between two and three and a half years and comprise theoretical as well as practical elements. You will spend one or two days a week, or several weeks at once, at a vocational school where you will acquire the theoretical knowledge that you will need in your future occupation.

The rest of the time will be spent at a company. There you get to apply your newly acquired knowledge in practice, for example, by learning to operate machinery. You will get to know what your company does, learn how it operates, and find out if you can see yourself working there after completing your training.

This combination of theory and practice gives you a real head start into your job. By the time you have completed your training, you will not only have the required technical knowledge, but you will also have hands-on experience in your job. There are around 350 officially recognised training programmes in Germany, so chances are good that one of them will suit your interests and talents. You can find out which one that might be by visiting one of the jobs and vocational training fairs, which are organised in many German cities at different times in the year.

Employment prospects for students who have completed a dual vocational training programme are very good. This is one of the reasons why this kind of training is very popular with young Germans. Around two- thirds of all students leaving school go on to start a vocational training programme.

Question 22. In which paragraph does the writer show the number of high school leavers attending a dual vocational training program in Germany?

A. Paragraph 3
B. Paragraph 1
C. Paragraph 4
D. Paragraph 2

Question 23. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A. Opportunities and Prospects in Germany

B. Higher Education curriculum in Germany

C. Dual Vocational Training System in Germany

D. Differences between theory and practice in Germany

Question 24. The word “occupation” in the first paragraph could be best replaced by ____________.

A. job
B. experience
C. life
D. chance

Question 25. The word “it” in paragraph 2 refers to ____________.

A. machinery
B. knowledge
C. practice
D. company

Question 26. In which paragraph does the writer mention a technical knowledge requirement?

A. Paragraph 1
B. Paragraph 4
C. Paragraph 3
D. Paragraph 2

Question 27. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT mentioned as purposes of dual vocational training programmes?

A. theoretical knowledge
B. technical knowledge

C. interpersonal communication skill
D. practical working experience

Question 28. The word “hands-on” in paragraph 3 is OPPOSITE in meaning to ____________.

A. practical
B. theoretical
C. technical
D. experimental

Question 29. Which of the following statements best paraphrases the underlined sentence in paragraph 4?

A. Graduates of dual vocational training programmes have few challenges in finding employment.

B. Job opportunities for those who took a dual vocational training are enormous.

C. School leavers find it easy to get jobs while they possess a dual vocational qualification.

D. Students completing a dual vocational programme may face difficulties in finding jobs.

Read the following article and mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 30 to 35.

Sustainable Architecture in Arid Climates

(30) ____________ architects are redefining urban landscapes by integrating ancient wisdom with modern technology to combat desertification. These pioneers (31) ____________ passive cooling techniques, drastically reducing energy consumption in hot and dry environments. A body of research confirms that such designs can lower indoor temperatures (32) ____________ 10–15°C.

When using local building materials like adobe and rammed earth, architects prioritize keeping heat inside the walls and using natural cooling. These (33) ____________ sustainable solutions outperform conventional alternatives. (34) ____________, designers can include local cultural heritage while implementing these innovations.

         (35) ____________ people remain skeptical, but real evidence proves the effectiveness of bioclimatic architecture. As climate change becomes more serious, these strategies will become indispensable.

Question 30.
A. Innovation
B. Innovatively
C. Innovate
D. Innovative

Question 31.
A. come into effect
B. take into consideration

C. raise a question
D. put into practice

Question 32.
A. to
B. by
C. with
D. for

Question 33.
A. ancient remarkably effective
B. effective ancient remarkably

C. remarkably ancient effective
D. remarkably effective ancient

Question 34.
A. Moreover
B. Besides
C. Thus
D. However

Question 35.
A. Little
B. Few
C. A few
D. A little

Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the best arrangement of utterances or sentences to make a meaningful exchange or text in each of the following questions from 36 to 40.

Question 36.

A.  Anna: That’s awesome! What subjects are you concentrating on?

B.  Tom: I’ve been really focused on my studies lately, trying to improve my grades.

C.  Tom: Mainly math and science, as those are my weakest areas.

A. c-b-a
B. b-a-c
C. b-c-a
D. a-b-c

Question 37.

A. The cooperation between crime information centers across different countries has further improved the efficiency of these systems.

B. Today, fingerprints are stored digitally in advanced computer systems, making it far easier to share crucial information between departments and investigators quickly and efficiently.

C. Traditional methods of crime detection, like footprint and fingerprint casts, have improved with new and more sophisticated technology, which made these methods more accurate and reliable.

D. Science has significantly advanced crime detection since the days of the fictional detective Sherlock Holmes, with technological innovations now playing a key role in solving crimes.

e. For example, fingerprinting, a method pioneered by the British scientist Francis Galton, has been an essential tool for identifying criminals for many years.

A. d-c-e-b-a
B. b-c-a-e-d
C. b-e-c-a-d
D. d-b-e-c-a

Question 38. Hi Jane,

A. Thanks for the budgeting advice you sent; it’s making a noticeable difference in my financial planning.

B. I started tracking my spending as you suggested, and it has been eye-opening to see where my money goes.

C. I’ve already managed to save a bit more this month, and I plan to continue using your tips.

D. Your advice has been truly helpful, and I’m looking forward to seeing more improvements in my budget.

e. I didn’t realize how many small, unnecessary purchases were adding up over time, and I’ve been cutting back.

Best, Michael

A. c-a-e-b-d
B. b-e-c-a-d
C. a-b-e-c-d
D. b-a-e-c-d

Question 39.

A. In the modern era, technical education is extremely important.

B. The more advanced the country is in industry, the more prosperous the country is.

C. Training in a specific branch of applied science, such as engineering, agriculture, weaving, spinning, etc., is considered technical education.

D. Today, a country’s prosperity is determined by its industrial development.

e. Technical knowledge is now the backbone of industrial progress, which holds the key to national prosperity.

A. c-b-a-e-d
B. c-d-a-b-e
C. c-a-d-b-e
D. c-a-b-e-d

Question 40.

A.  Sammy: Yes, every day I see beggars at the traffic lights or in the market near our house. In my opinion, we can help the community by giving money to beggars, so they can buy food.

B.  Dad: Well, let me see. Have you got any ideas to write?

C.  Sammy: Dad, I have difficulty doing my homework which is an essay about how to help our community? Can you help me?

D.  Sammy: Why is that?

e. Dad: I see your point. I agree that we should help people in need. However, it’s not a good idea to give money to beggars.

A. c-b-a-e-d
B. d-e-c-b-a
C. c-e-d-b-a
D. b-d-a-e-c