Read the following advertisement and mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct option that best fit...

Read the following leaflet and mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 29 to 34.

Take Advantage of Air Cleaning Technology

Homeowners today live in a technology-driven era, with several innovations (29) ____________ to air cleaning and control. Equip your household with:

• Air filters: HVAC systems often contain air filters, which catch floating dirt and debris. These should be cleaned and changed monthly or when necessary to achieve good indoor air quality while (30) ____________ your equipment’s lifespan.

• Air purifiers: Air purifiers are helpful tools for (31) ____________ cleaning your home atmosphere. These are especially helpful for people with allergies or asthma. Different devices have limited capacity, so you may want to get (32) ____________ devices depending on your home’s size.

• Air dehumidifiers: A damp home is a (33) ____________ for mold and mildew. Dehumidifiers focus on (34) ____________ moisture from the air, so you’ll want to place yours in moisture-prone areas like the bathroom and kitchen for best results.

(Adapted from https://www.greenlivingpdx.com)

Question 29:
A. dedicate
B. dedicated
C. to dedicate
D. dedicating

Question 30:
A. expanding
B. exceeding
C. extending
D. exserting

Question 31:
A. naturalist
B. nature
C. natural
D. naturally

Question 32:
A. multiple
B. considerable
C. plentiful
D. abundant

Question 33:
A. breeding potential ground
B. ground breeding potential

C. potential ground breeding
D. potential breeding ground

Question 34:
A. giving off
B. breaking down
C. locking in
D. drawing out

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 1 to 5.

        Parents have long known too much sugar can harm their child’s health, but a growing body of research reveals just how much damage it can do. A recent study in the journal Science found the dangers continue well into adulthood, (1) ____________ increased added sugars early in life. The results of this study and others (2) ____________.

        While too much sugar harms adults too, it appears to be especially problematic at an age when food preferences are forming. “(3) ____________, it’s likely that you’re going to prefer them throughout your life more than someone who is not,” says Tadeja Gracner, a scientist at the University of Southern California, who coauthored the research.

        Sugar naturally occurs in some foods like fruit, but it’s also often added during processing or preparation. (4) ____________. This is well above the 10 percent of calories in added sugars recommended by dietary officials for children over age two, and far from the ideal of less than five percent of total calories the World Health Organization suggests. (5) ____________. Children under two should eat no added sugar.

(Adapted from https://www.nationalgeographic.com)

Question 1: 

        A. whose long-term health outcomes remain largely affected for most adults due to having

        B. which adults experience with more chronic diseases as a result of their habit of consuming

        C. leading to adults’ increased metabolic health conditions later because of their exposure to

        D. with high blood pressure and type 2 diabetes more common in adults who were exposed to

Question 2: 

        A. imply that sugar consumption has minimal long-term health consequences for children

        B. make clear the sweet spot for sugar is well below what many kids currently consume

        C. suggest that current sugar consumption levels are already appropriate for most children

        D. indicate that children should increase sugar intake to support healthy development

Question 3: 

        A. Having been exposed to sweetened foods early in your childhood development

        B. Once consuming a variety of foods, including sugary ones, at an early age

        C. If you are exposed to sweet foods early in life and developed a liking for them

        D. In early life you indulged in eating sugary foods as part of your normal diet

Question 4: 

A. The daily intake of added sugar among children in the U.S. remains relatively low compared to recommended levels

B. An average of 17 teaspoons of added sugar a day is recommended for children in the U.S., which equals almost 300 calories

C. Nearly 300 calories a day are consumed by children in the U.S., although only a small proportion comes from added sugar

D. Children in the U.S. eat an average of 17 teaspoons of added sugar a day, which equals almost 300 calories

Question 5: 

A. The child’s age determines that 10 percent of their daily calories should increase to about 100 to 200 calories

B. Approximately 100 to 200 calories are recommended for children each day, with sugar forming the majority of this intake

C. Ten percent translates to roughly 100 to 200 calories, depending on the age of the child

D. A range of 100 to 200 calories represents the total daily intake required for children, regardless of their age

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 6 to 13.

        A 2025 study examined how Americans use short-term financing services, allowing delayed purchase payments. These programs, splitting costs into four equal payments without extra fees, have grown significantly since 2019. Research shows that around twenty percent of Americans with credit histories used leading providers during 2022. Many customers were frequent participants, obtaining several agreements monthly. Investigators found that holding various simultaneous contracts was common, with sixty-five percent managing overlapping deals from different companies.

        The study revealed concerning patterns about customer characteristics. People with poor credit ratings receive large portions of this financing. Young adults between eighteen and twenty-four depend heavily on these programs, which represent a bigger portion of their total debts compared to older groups. Customers generally have higher amounts of other debts—including credit cards, personal loans, and store accounts—than non-users. This evidence indicates these programs work mainly as extra borrowing rather than replacing traditional options, therefore increasing financial pressure for struggling families.

        Interestingly, non-payment rates stay low at about two percent yearly, much lower than credit card failures among similar customers. Automatic payment systems may explain this result, though they could hide serious financial difficulties among heavy users. A major issue involves poor reporting to monitoring organizations. Because most companies avoid sharing contract details with regular agencies, these obligations remain invisible in the credit system. Therefore, banks, government officials, and borrowers cannot properly judge total debt levels.

        Government oversight remains unclear. Although authorities previously tried classifying providers under existing protection laws, recent statements showed reduced enforcement plans. This creates confusion about future monitoring methods and safety measures. The research describes these programs as popular but poorly regulated tools increasingly used by financially weak populations, highlighting the need for better policies as this trend continues to change American borrowing habits.

(Adapted from https://files.consumerfinance.gov)

Question 6: All of the following are mentioned EXCEPT ____________.

        A. The typical non-payment rates compared to credit card failures

        B. The specific income requirements for qualifying for these payment programs

        C. The percentage of customers managing overlapping deals from different companies

        D. The age group that depends most heavily on these financing services

Question 7: The word “overlapping” in paragraph 1 is OPPOSITE in meaning to ____________.

A. frequent
B. continuous
C. separate
D. parallel

Question 8: The word “their” in paragraph 2 refers to ____________.

A. older groups
B. struggling families

C. young adults between eighteen and twenty-four
D. these programs

Question 9: The word “invisible” in paragraph 3 could be best replaced by ____________.

A. uncertain
B. flexible
C. temporary
D. undetected

Question 10: Which of the following best paraphrases the underlined sentence in paragraph 4?

        A. Government agencies avoided regulating these companies but now propose stronger controls.

        B. Regulators attempted categorizing these services before, yet recently indicated weaker oversight.

        C. Authorities successfully classified payment providers while currently increasing monitoring efforts.

        D. Officials once tried regulating providers, but now plan stricter enforcement measures.

Question 11: Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

        A. Default rates exceed credit card failure rates among comparable customer groups.

        B. Companies regularly report contract information to standard credit monitoring agencies nationwide.

        C. Most users manage many overlapping contracts from various service providers simultaneously.

        D. These payment programs primarily serve as an alternative to conventional methods for most users.

Question 12: In which paragraph does the writer mention why low default rates might be misleading?

A. Paragraph 4
B. Paragraph 3
C. Paragraph 1
D. Paragraph 2

Question 13: In which paragraph does the writer mention why young adults are particularly vulnerable to these services?

A. Paragraph 3
B. Paragraph 2
C. Paragraph 1
D. Paragraph 4

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 14 to 23.

        [I] In what conservationists are calling a watershed moment, the ambitious Greater Mekong Wildlife Bridge Project has encountered an unexpected stumbling block. [II] Despite an unprecedented $50 million investment, the migrating elephant populations have plummeted by 35% since its inception. [III] These statistics have sent shockwaves through the conservation community, challenging long-held assumptions about wildlife corridor effectiveness. [IV]

        The concept of wildlife corridors has long held conservationists in thrall. By creating protected pathways between fragmented habitats, these artificial lifelines were meant to ensure species survival. Yet beneath this seemingly foolproof approach lurks a more complex reality. As human settlements encroach on these corridors, animals find themselves playing Russian roulette with each crossing, facing lethal dangers from poachers who have caught wind of these predictable migration routes.

        Recent findings from the Southeast Asian Conservation Institute paint a particularly sobering picture. When faced with human disturbance, elephants altered their migration patterns, venturing into unprotected areas. These behavioral adaptations proved catastrophic – poaching incidents soared by 180% in these zones. The findings have left conservationists wringing their hands over the unintended consequences of their well-intentioned interventions.

        The economic implications of corridor conservation add another layer of complexity to an already thorny issue. Local communities, caught between a rock and a hard place, often view these projects with skepticism. Traditional farming practices fall by the wayside as authorities implement strict land-use regulations. While compensation schemes exist on paper, they rarely translate into adequate financial support for affected communities.

        Conservation biologists have begun advocating for a paradigm shift in approach. Rather than imposing artificial corridors, they propose integrating wildlife passage into existing human infrastructure. This strategy has already borne fruit in countries like Malaysia, where elevated highways incorporate natural underpasses. These structures allow for wildlife movement while maintaining human activity above, creating a win-win situation for all stakeholders.

        Yet the jury is still out on the long-term viability of such solutions. Critics argue that these modified corridors merely paper over the cracks of a deeper issue – humanity’s relentless expansion into natural habitats. As urban sprawl continues unabated, even these innovative approaches may prove to be nothing more than a band-aid on a gaping wound.

(Adapted from https://www.examenglish.com)

Question 14: Where in paragraph 1 does the following sentence best fit?

Global conservation experts are, therefore, reconsidering the large-scale wildlife protection investments.

A. [I]
B. [IV]
C. [II]
D. [III]

Question 15: The phrase “playing Russian roulette” in paragraph 2 could be best replaced by ____________.

A. taking serious risks
B. responding to emergencies

C. posing great threats
D. representing constant hazards

Question 16: The word “their” in paragraph 3 refers to ____________.

A. the findings
B. consequences
C. interventions
D. conservationists

Question 17: According to the passage, which of the following is NOT mentioned as a consequence of wildlife corridors?

A. Modification of animal behavior
B. Disruption of ecosystem balance

C. Impact on local economies
D. Increased poaching incidents

Question 18: Which of the following best summarizes paragraph 4?

        A. Financial support mechanisms prove inadequate for community sustainability.

        B. Communities experience financial hardships due to conservation management strategies.

        C. Conservation projects burden local communities with economic challenges.

        D. Economic compensation programs fail while traditional practices face a steady decline.

Question 19: Which of the following best paraphrases the underlined sentence in paragraph 5?

A. Scientists intend to substitute incorporating animal crossing into present infrastructure for building separate routes.

B. By incorporating wildlife crossing into current infrastructure, we eliminate the need for separate artificial corridors.

C. The integration of wildlife passages with existing human infrastructure must replace the creation of artificial corridors.

D. Conservationists advocate for adapting current human structures to include wildlife crossing over creating separate corridors.

Question 20: Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

        A. Malaysia infrastructure projects have sparked controversy about wildlife integration.

        B. Local authorities are implementing rigid controls on agricultural and industrial development.

        C. Traditional farming practices deteriorate under increasingly strict conservation measures.

        D. Elevated highways with natural underpasses create beneficial outcomes for stakeholders.

Question 21: The word “unabated” in the last paragraph is OPPOSITE in meaning to ____________.

A. persistent
B. reduced
C. constant
D. confined

Question 22: Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?

A. Protected pathways between fragmented habitats become more vulnerable to poaching activities over time.

B. Areas surrounding artificially created wildlife corridors experience increased rates of human-wildlife territorial conflict.

C. Conservation projects integrating natural passages with human structures are the most effective in wildlife movement.

D. Traditional conservation approaches lead to higher implementation costs when compared to integrated infrastructure.

Question 23: Which of the following best summarizes the passage?

A. Wildlife corridors projects demonstrate unintended consequences for local communities, requiring fundamental shift toward integrated conservation methods.

B. Modern conservation approaches must navigate the delicate balance between wildlife protection and human development while addressing the limitations of traditional corridor-based solutions.

C. Traditional wildlife corridors face mounting challenging from poaching activities, leading conservation experts to explore technologically integrated solutions for species protection.

D. The Greater Mekong Project reveals hidden limitations of conventional conservation approaches, pushing biologists to abandon traditional methods and adopt new agricultural approach.

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best arrangement of utterances or sentences to make a meaningful exchange or text in each of the following questions from 24 to 28.

Question 24: 

A. On a personal level, the search for belonging takes people not only to internet chat rooms, clubs, and coffee shops but also to work, which seems to offer a ready-made community.

B. In a world of increased individualism and globalisation, many of us are seeking a sense of belonging somewhere or to someone.

C. Psychologically speaking, work satisfies our basic instinct to relate to other individuals, and to society.

D. Gossip sessions, lazy conversations and shared moments remind employees that they belong to something bigger than themselves — thus the workplace fulfils a fundamental human need.

e. Work is a gateway to a social network, to friends, and to a community.

A. e-b-a-c-d
B. e-d-a-c-b
C. e-a-b-d-c
D. e-c-a-b-d

Question 25: 

A.  Colin: Well, in that case we have to do something! How about organising a weekend away for everyone? Maybe we could go camping.

B.  Amanda: Mmm, good question. He says he doesn’t like birthdays and doesn’t want to do anything special, but it is his 21st …

C.  Colin: Amanda, I’ve been meaning to ask you, are we going to do anything for Ken’s birthday?

D.  Amanda: We could … but I was thinking of something a little less complicated, only because Ken won’t want us to make a big deal of his birthday.

e. Colin: Got it, yes. Then what about throwing a surprise party at my house?

A. c-b-e-d-a
B. a-b-e-d-c
C. c-b-a-d-e
D. a-d-c-b-e

Question 26: 

Dear Jenny,

A. Starting work now could be a great option, as it would give you the chance to gain real-world experience, develop useful skills, earn money, and become more independent.

B. Ultimately, trust your instincts - there's no one-size-fits-all answer, and the important thing is finding what makes you happy and fulfilled.

C. Given your friendly and outgoing personality, I think customer service roles, such as working in a café, as a sales assistant, or even in event planning, could be a great start.

D. I was so glad to get your letter, and I totally understand the dilemma you're facing about whether to go to college or start working.

e. Honestly, I have a feeling that college may not be the best fit for you, as you’ve always been more of a hands-on, practical learner.

Warm regards,

Jackie

A. d-e-a-c-b
B. d-a-c-e-b
C. e-c-a-d-b
D. c-d-e-a-b

Question 27: 

A.  Noel: Goodness, no. I’m just here for some meetings today. I can’t stand London!

B.  Becky: Hi, Noel, what a surprise, how lovely to see you. Do you live here in London?

C.  Noel: Rebecca? I thought it was you! Gosh, I haven’t seen you since university. You look great.

A. c-a-b
B. c-b-a
C. a-c-b
D. a-b-c

Question 28: 

A. Mass wasting, simply put, is the movement of surface rock and debris down a slope as a result of gravity.

B. Many people think hurricanes and tornadoes are the most destructive forces on Earth.

C. Overseas, catastrophes triggered by mass wasting have killed tens to hundreds of thousands of people in seconds.

D. It is responsible for approximately $2 billion worth of damage and dozens of deaths annually in the United States.

e. However, an equally destructive force is at work every day: mass wasting.

A. b-a-e-d-c
B. b-d-a-e-c
C. b-e-a-d-c
D. d-b-e-a-c