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Exercise 7: Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to eac...

◉ 0 lượt xem◷ Đăng ngày 28/09/2026▤ Câu số 147
HN

Nguyễn Hoàng Nam

Thành viên cộng đồng

Exercise 7: Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 1 to 10.

At six in the morning, a bus crawls past tin roofs brightened by phone lights, breakfast smoke, and children in polished uniforms. The road is narrow, the drains are tired, and the city centre, only a few kilometres away, feels almost imported from another life. For many residents, the settlement is not a failed choice but the only address close enough to employment, schools, and cheap transport. Here, the word slum arrives late, after the human reasons have already spoken.

[I] Rapid urbanisation attracts rural families seeking better opportunities, but formal housing has gone up faster than wages, and affordable flats remain fewer and fewer. [II] Not only do newcomers need a place to settle in, but they also need reliable water, sanitation, waste collection, public transport, and secure tenure. [III] When infrastructure does not expand with the population, the city grows larger and larger while everyday comfort shrinks. [IV]

Seen from outside, a slum is often flattened into danger, dirt, or helplessness. Seen from within, it may also be a community of traders, repair workers, caregivers, craft makers, and students building stability under pressure. This does not romanticise overcrowding, pollution, flooding, or unsafe housing. It simply refuses the lazy story in which poor dwellers are treated as the problem instead of people responding to one. Awareness matters when it pushes governments to invest in basic services, upgrade neighbourhoods, and protect residents from eviction. It becomes exploitation when suffering is turned into a marketable image.

The most difficult question is not whether cities should modernise. They must. The question is who is allowed to remain visible while modernisation happens. A high-rise building can replace a fragile roof, but if the rent becomes impossible, improvement quietly becomes displacement. The more a city calls itself inclusive, the more carefully it must decide whose convenience it is serving. A slum is not just a crowded place. It is a mirror held up to urban planning, showing what the city has promised and whom it has asked to wait.

[Adapted from World Bank Urban Development]

Question 1: Where in the passage does the following sentence best fit?

The harder truth is that these neighbourhoods are produced by urban success as much as by urban failure. 

A. [I]        B. [II]        C. [III]        D. [IV]

Question 2: The expression “feels almost imported from another life” in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to __________.

A. looks unfamiliar because residents rarely travel there

B. appears newly developed because of foreign investment

C. seems socially and economically distant from the settlement

D. becomes attractive mainly because it offers cheap transport

Question 3: The word “one” in paragraph 3 refers to __________.

A. a government plan for basic services

B. a marketable image used by outsiders

C. a community built under pressure

D. a wider urban problem affecting poor residents

Question 4: Which of the following is NOT suggested in paragraph 2?

A. Formal housing becomes harder to reach when prices rise faster than wages.

B. Rural families are drawn to cities by the hope of better opportunities.

C. Daily comfort depends partly on whether services grow with the population.

D. Informal settlements mainly expand because newcomers reject city regulations.

Question 5: Which of the following best summarises paragraph 2?

A. Affordable flats become fewer because residents prefer informal areas with cheaper transport connections.

B. Urban growth becomes difficult mainly because transport systems improve more slowly than wages and formal housing.

C. Rural families create pressure by moving before governments can fully control the housing market.

D. Cities attract newcomers with opportunity, yet unequal housing and slow infrastructure growth can turn expansion into daily strain.

Question 6: The word “exploitation” in paragraph 3 is OPPOSITE in meaning to __________.

A. misuse        B. protection        C. display        D. profit

Question 7: Which paragraph raises the question of who benefits from modernisation?

A. Paragraph 1        B. Paragraph 2        C. Paragraph 3        D. Paragraph 4

Question 8: Which of the following best paraphrases the underlined sentence in paragraph 4?

A. Replacing weak housing is real progress only if residents can still afford to stay.

B. Taller buildings solve unsafe housing unless they change the look of the neighbourhood.

C. New apartments are unfair because they usually remove jobs, schools, and cheap transport.

D. Modern housing should be avoided when old homes have strong emotional value.

Question 9: Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?

A. Residents stay in slums mainly because they misunderstand the benefits of formal housing.

B. Informal settlements will probably disappear once reliable transport reaches poorer areas.

C. A city may look successful while still failing people whose needs reveal its planning gaps.

D. Urban upgrading succeeds when fragile homes are replaced by taller and denser buildings.

Question 10: Which of the following best summarises the passage?

A. Urban growth draws people toward opportunity, but without fair housing, services, and protection, slums expose who is left waiting.

B. Unsafe districts prove that modern buildings should replace informal homes quickly, even when some residents must move elsewhere.

C. Rural newcomers put pressure on cities, so public transport should be improved before more families are allowed to migrate.

D. Awareness campaigns matter most because showing community life can correct stereotypes about poverty and informal settlements.

MT

Thầy Minh Tuấn

Chuyên gia

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