Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best arrangement of utterances or sentences...

Read the following piece of news and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 1 to 6.

VINFAST: VIETNAMESE AUTOMAKER'S GLOBAL AMBITION

In the competitive automotive industry, VinFast (1) ____________ significant financial resources to develop its electric vehicle technology. The company intended to establish (2) ____________ opportunities and become a leading manufacturer in global markets.

VinFast has tried to deal (3) ____________ a lack of consumer familiarity with its products. (4) ____________ the company invested heavily in research and development, it still needed to prove its credibility compared to other (5) ____________ in the market.

VinFast aimed to take (6) ____________ advantage of its technological innovations. However, this required not just partial efforts but a commitment to maximizing every opportunity to compete with established global brands.

(Adapted from vinfast.com)

Question 1:
A. invested
B. saved
C. borrowed
D. wasted

Question 2:
A. much
B. every
C. many
D. little

Question 3:
A. in
B. of
C. at
D. with

Question 4:
A. While
B. However
C. Although
D. Because

Question 5:
A. vehicle makers electric
B. makers vehicle electric

C. electric vehicle makers
D. makers electric vehicle

Question 6:
A. complete
B. total
C. full
D. whole

Read the following announcement and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 7 to 12.

EMBRACING DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION IN HIGHER EDUCATION

The Global Education Summit 2025, scheduled for November at the National Convention Center, will address the urgent need for pedagogical reforms. The summit will highlight digital platforms (7) ____________ have revolutionized the way students access academic resources. This transition is expected to benefit (8) ____________ universities that are striving to integrate AI-driven tools into their curricula.

Educators will be encouraged to explore a vast (9) ____________ of instructional strategies, from flipped classrooms to blended learning models. The keynote speech (10) ____________ by Professor Elena Vance will analyze the psychological impacts of remote learning on student engagement.

This event is a golden opportunity for academics, school administrators, and tech developers to exchange ideas and foster (11) ____________. We strongly advise interested parties to (12) ____________ the workshops in advance to guarantee participation in these high-demand sessions.

For more information, please visit https://edusummit2025.edu

Question 7:
A. whom
B. whose
C. who
D. which

Question 8:
A. initial
B. superior
C. primary
D. leading

Question 9:
A. deal
B. number
C. amount
D. level

Question 10:
A. delivering
B. delivers
C. is delivered
D. delivered

Question 11:
A. innovatively
B. innovation
C. innovate
D. innovative

Question 12:
A. register for
B. account for
C. apply for
D. look for

(Adapted from https://edusummit2025.edu)

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 18 to 22.

REGENERATIVE AGRICULTURE AND ECO-SYSTEM RESTORATION

The global movement toward regenerative agriculture is a big change in how we take care of our natural environment. This farming method focuses on enhancing soil health and promoting biodiversity, (18) ____________. When farmers eliminate their reliance on chemical fertilizers, they can help the soil take in more carbon, which is crucial for mitigating the adverse effects of climate change.

However, starting these greener farming methods is often hard because of money problems. Small farmers, who have to pay high costs and get very little help from the government, (19) ____________ rather than adopting long-term sustainable models. This economic pressure prevents many farmers from making the essential transition to organic methods. (20) ____________. If governments don't give more financial support, the gap between environmental goals and farming reality will continue to widen.

Furthermore, success in nature restoration depends on a mix of local knowledge, community engagement, and (21) ____________. These elements must work together to ensure that conservation efforts are effective and fit the local culture. While some regions have witnessed a great recovery of native flora, others still struggle with land quality. (22) ____________, particularly when local communities are empowered to manage their own resources through innovative land-use agreements.

Question 18:

A. where these practices are considered essential for agricultural results

B. these methods ensure food output rather than global food security

C. every method improves food output but is not essential for global security

D. all of which are considered essential for global food security

Question 19:

A. traditional habits are frequently maintained by farmers to maximize profits.

B. has frequently kept traditional habits despite environmental concerns

C. frequently maintaining traditional habits to maximize profits for local residents and authority

D. frequently choose to maintain traditional habits despite negative environmental impact

Question 20:

A. Insufficient funding remains a major barrier to achieving system changes

B. Adequate funding still serves as a significant barrier to genuine system changes

C. Minimal funding effectively eliminates every barrier to system changes

D. Abundant funding provides a temporary barrier for agricultural system changes

Question 21:

A. on account of using modern technology to monitor and check the health of ecosystems carefully

B. thanks to applying modern technological solutions for environmental monitoring and resource integration

C. the use of modern technology that can harm traditional farming practices in many ways

D. the integration of modern technology that can enhance monitoring and resource management

Question 22:

A. Indeed, promising outcomes emerge in areas where scientific research is combined with indigenous practices

B. Similarly, negative outcomes always emerge when scientific research ignores indigenous knowledge completely

C. By contrast, promising outcomes emerge where indigenous practices replace scientific research entirely

D. Financial obstacles prevent a wide range of positive outcomes despite scientific research and local efforts, for example

Read the passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 23 to 30.

In the scorching heat of Mandalay, hundreds of patients – from infants to the elderly and Buddhist monks – are lying on hospital beds in an outdoor car park. Three days after a catastrophic earthquake hit Myanmar, the people in the city are very worried and waiting for more shaking.

Despite having approximately 1,000 beds, Mandalay General Hospital has relocated most patients outside following the devastating earthquake that claimed over 2,000 lives across Myanmar and Thailand. The 7.7-magnitude tremor on March 28, accompanied by numerous aftershocks, has forced authorities to keep patients outdoors to prevent potential injuries from collapsing structures. The situation is far from ideal for anyone here at the hospital. "We're doing everything possible under these circumstances," an anonymous medical worker explained to AFP.

With temperatures reaching 39 degrees Celsius, patients found shelter beneath makeshift tarpaulin covers erected to protect them from the intense sun. Family members held their relatives' hands, offering reassurance, while others used bamboo fans to provide relief. Young children with injuries cried in the uncomfortable environment, and a wounded monk lay connected to an intravenous drip.

Medical staff are equally affected by the crisis. During brief breaks from their grueling work schedules, healthcare workers sat on the ground, attempting to regain their strength. While the hospital structure appeared intact, only critical care patients and their attending physicians stayed indoors. Everyone else crowded together under the tarpaulin or found shelter in a nearby area with a metal roof.

Question 23: The word “scorching” in paragraph 1 could be best replaced by ____________.

A. cool
B. boiling
C. freezing
D. mild

Question 24: Which of the following best paraphrases the underlined sentence in paragraph 2?

The situation is far from ideal for anyone here at the hospital.

A. Everything at this healthcare center is completely unacceptable and intolerable for every single person.

B. The current conditions at the medical facility are extremely challenging for all people present.

C. The environment in the outdoor area remains quite uncomfortable for patients and their families.

D. The present circumstances at Mandalay hospital are somewhat difficult for most individuals there.

Question 25: The word “them” in paragraph 3 refers to ____________.

A. tarpaulin covers
B. patients
C. family members
D. temperatures

Question 26: The word “grueling” in paragraph 4 is OPPOSITE in meaning to ____________.

A. effortless
B. exhausting
C. tiring
D. demanding

Question 27: In paragraph 4, which group of people is NOT mentioned as being present at the hospital during the crisis?

A. medical staff
B. critical care patients        

C. family members
D. attending physicians

Question 28: According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?

A. The hospital's 1,000-bed capacity was adequate to accommodate all patients indoors during the crisis.

B. Authorities moved patients outside primarily because of the extreme heat reaching 39 degrees Celsius.

C. The hospital building suffered severe structural damage requiring complete evacuation of the facility.

D. The 7.7-magnitude earthquake on March 28 killed over 2,000 people in Myanmar and Thailand.

Question 29: In which paragraph does the writer describe how medical staff coped during breaks?

A. Paragraph 1
B. Paragraph 4
C. Paragraph 2
D. Paragraph 3

Question 30: In which paragraph does the writer mention the protective measures taken against the sun?

A. Paragraph 3
B. Paragraph 1
C. Paragraph 4
D. Paragraph 2

Read the passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 31 to 40.

For decades, the SAT has functioned as a main door to higher education in the United States, shaping admissions outcomes and perceptions of academic potential. Originally conceived to measure ability, the test once symbolized fair opportunity. Yet, in recent years, its fairness and relevance have come under examination, prompting debate about whether standardized testing can represent the complex intelligence of contemporary learners. [I] As education evolves, the SAT finds itself caught between tradition and the demand for comprehensive methods of student readiness.

The College Board's decision to transition the SAT to a fully digital format marks a significant turning point. The new SAT, shorter in duration and adaptive in structure, seeks to evaluate reasoning skills with precision and accessibility. Students now complete the exam on laptops or tablets, receiving results within days rather than weeks. [II] This digital transformation extends beyond logistical convenience; it mirrors the broader reconfiguration of education in the post- pandemic era, where technology has become inseparable from learning and assessment. Still, one question remains: can an algorithm truly capture the depth of critical thinking?

Equity remains the SAT's most persistent challenge. Critics argue that the exam continues economic and social inequalities, as students from affluent backgrounds often have access to private tutoring and extensive preparation programs that enhance their scores. By contrast, students from under-resourced communities frequently lack comparable support. Although the College Board has expanded fee waivers and developed free online practice tools through initiatives such as its partnership with Khan Academy, these measures only partially reduce systematic unfairness. [III] The test operates within a system where the playing field is far from level, and genuine potential may be obscured by unequal access to educational resources.

As an increasing number of universities adopt test-optional or test-blind admissions policies, the SAT faces a critical turning point. Proponents argue that standardized assessments remain necessary for maintaining objectivity, particularly amid grade inflation and different curricular standards across schools. [IV] The future of academic evaluation may thus lie in balance — where quantitative measures coexist with comprehensive approaches that value creativity, resilience, and lived experience alongside intellectual performance. Whether the SAT endures or diminishes in influence, one principle remains clear: education must evolve not to measure conformity, but to open doors to possibility.

Question 31: The word "itself" in paragraph 1 refers to ____________.

A. tradition
B. education
C. the SAT
D. the demand

Question 32: Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a characteristic of the new digital SAT?

A. it provides results within a few days.
B. It is shorter in duration

C. It is completed on electronic devices.
D. It includes a mandatory essay section.

Question 33: Which of the following best summarises paragraph 1?

A. The SAT's historical role as a symbol of fair opportunity is being challenged by its shift to a digital format.

B. The SAT's evolution is primarily driven by the need to balance tradition with comprehensive methods of student potential.

C. The SAT, once a respected measure of ability, is now facing scrutiny regarding its fairness and ability to assess modern learners.

D. Debates about the SAT's relevance have led to calls for more traditional methods of evaluating student readiness.

Question 34: The word “reconfiguration” in paragraph 2 is CLOSEST in meaning to ____________.

A. stability
B. reorganization
C. removal
D. reduction

Question 35: According to paragraph 2, what specific changes have been made to the new SAT?

A. The exam now focuses on memorization rather than evaluating the students' reasoning skills.

B. The exam provides results within weeks instead of days for all digital participants.

C. The exam now requires less time and employs a personalized framework tailored to test-takers

D. The exam is much longer and requires students to use paper-based answer sheets.

Question 36: Which of the following best paraphrases the underlined sentence in paragraph 4?

A. Education will only truly evolve if it focuses on standardizing learning outcomes to open more doors for students.

B. For education to progress, it must prioritize the measurement of students' ability to conform over their potential for innovation.

C. Education's primary goal should be to ensure students adhere to established norms rather than explore new avenues.

D. The purpose of education is to adapt and create opportunities, not merely to assess how well individuals fit predefined standards.

Question 37: What can be inferred from the passage?

A. The SAT is no longer administered or required by most higher education institutions

B. Grade inflation and varied curricula have no effect on university admissions outcomes

C. Standardized tests alone may not fully capture students' intellectual potential

D. Using digital technology automatically enhances adolescents' critical thinking abilities

Question 38: The mention of "grade inflation and different curricular standards across schools" in paragraph 4 serves to ____________.

A. explain why standardized tests are considered necessary by some for objectivity.

B. advocate for a universal curriculum to ensure fairness in grading.

C. criticize the declining academic standard in modern high schools.

D. illustrate the challenges faced by students in diverse educational systems.

Question 39: Where in the passage does the following sentence best fit?

Opponents, however, maintain that human potential cannot be reduced to a numerical value.

A. [I]
B. [IV]
C. [III]
D. [II]

Question 40: Which of the following best summarises the main idea of the passage?

A. The primary challenge for the SAT is adapting its assessment methods to accurately measure critical thinking skills in an increasingly digital learning environment.

B. The SAT's transition to a digital format has successfully resolved its long-standing issues concerning fairness and relevance in higher education.

C. Despite its historical role, the SAT is currently undergoing significant scrutiny regarding its fairness and relevance, prompting a shift towards more comprehensive evaluation methods in higher education.

D. The College Board's efforts to provide equitable access to SAT preparation have largely mitigated the socioeconomic disparities associated with the exam.