Read the following leaflet and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that b...

Read the passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 1 to 8.

        The battle against environmental damage has found an unexpected ally: autonomous robotics. Far from the traditional factory lines they once dominated, modern eco-robots are now navigating complex natural habitats to improve conservation efforts. Progressive environmental agencies increasingly utilize AI-powered drones and underwater rovers to expedite a culture of proactive ecosystem management, relying on real-time data concerning ocean temperatures, soil toxicity, and wildlife movements.

        The practical application of these machines fundamentally changes daily conservation operations. Robots equipped with advanced computer vision are highly skilled at identifying and extracting plastic waste with extreme accuracy rather than destructive, large-scale digging. By deploying these tireless workers into heavily polluted zones, scientists can significantly alleviate the toxic burden that affects vulnerable coastal habitats. Consequently, this leads to improved water quality and much lower death rates among endangered species.

        Furthermore, robotic intervention reshapes how experts tackle massive land-based projects. Automated drones do not just monitor the aftermath of wildfires; they actively assess the nutrient levels of the damaged soil. When human access is restricted, a group of seed-firing drones will step in to drop native seeds exactly where they have the highest chance of growing, rather than waiting for traditional manual labor. In dangerous and hard-to-reach environments, this autonomous approach makes large-scale forest recovery highly possible.

        Interestingly, the integration of environmental robotics frequently brings direct benefits to human populations. Local authorities report that the advanced monitoring techniques utilized by these robots help them predict natural disasters and build stronger farming communities. Ultimately, investing in eco-robotics proves to be a comprehensive strategy, transforming not just how nature heals, but how humanity uses technology to protect its fragile home.

Question 1. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in paragraph 1 as a type of real-time data relied upon by environmental agencies?

A. ocean temperatures
B. atmospheric pressure
C. wildlife movements
D. soil toxicity

Question 2. The word “expedite” in paragraph 1 can be best replaced by ____________.

A. pause
B. promote
C. delay
D. hinder

Question 3. The word “alleviate” in paragraph 2 is OPPOSITE in meaning to ____________.

A. monitor
B. lessen
C. restrict
D. worsen

Question 4. The word “they” in paragraph 3 refers to ____________.

A. wildfires
B. nutrient levels
C. drones
D. native seeds

Question 5. Which of the following best paraphrases the underlined sentence in paragraph 3?

A. Dangerous and inaccessible regions find extensive forest recovery practical thanks to these independent machines.

B. Hazardous environments are the least likely to enjoy the collaborative benefits of modern reforestation.

C. Large-scale terrestrial projects are impossible in disaster zones due to the high costs of autonomous drones.

D. In places with a lack of manual labor, exploiting natural resources is highly feasible and economically sound.

Question 6. Which of the following is TRUE according to paragraph 4?

        A. Local authorities use robots to intentionally restrict agricultural resilience.

        B. Investing in eco-robotics exclusively benefits nature without affecting humanity.

        C. Eco-robots completely replace human populations in local farming communities.

        D. Advanced monitoring techniques by robots assist authorities in predicting natural disasters.

Question 7. Which paragraph mentions identifying and extracting plastic waste?

A. paragraph 2
B. paragraph 1
C. paragraph 3
D. paragraph 4

Question 8. Which paragraph mentions assessing the nutrient levels of the damaged soil?

A. paragraph 2
B. paragraph 4
C. paragraph 1
D. paragraph 3

Read the passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 20 to 29.

        Walk into any high school today, and the atmosphere often feels heavy with an unspoken burden. Teenage anxiety has evolved from occasional pre-exam jitters into a pervasive, chronic psychological crisis affecting millions of adolescents worldwide. Recent epidemiological studies reveal that the prevalence of severe anxiety among youth has skyrocketed, turning what was once considered a rare clinical anomaly into a defining, yet troubling, characteristic of this modern generation.

        This alarming trend is driven by a convergence of intense modern pressures. Academically, students are navigating a hyper-competitive environment where the pursuit of perfection is relentlessly demanded by institutions and society alike. Furthermore, this educational burden is exacerbated by the pervasive influence of the digital landscape. Social media platforms subject teenagers to round-the-clock peer evaluation, algorithmic beauty standards, and the intense fear of missing out. Consequently, adolescents are trapped in a relentless loop of comparison that leaves their developing brains in a constant state of hyperarousal.

        The ramifications of this prolonged distress are profound and multifaceted. Left unaddressed, chronic anxiety severely impairs cognitive function, leading to academic burnout and a complete loss of motivation. Physically, it manifests as severe insomnia and chronic fatigue, further weakening the adolescent's ability to cope. Faced with such overwhelming sensations, many teenagers resort to complete social withdrawal. It serves as a temporary shield against judgment, but ultimately deprives them of the vital interpersonal connections needed for healthy emotional growth.

        Reversing this crisis requires a comprehensive, proactive approach rather than merely reacting to symptoms. [I] Schools must critically evaluate their high-stakes testing cultures and integrate emotional regulation training into the standard curriculum. [II] Parents, meanwhile, need to foster environments of unconditional support, prioritizing their children's mental well-being over academic accolades. [III] Acknowledging a teenager's struggle is crucial, but completely shielding them from every minor setback can inadvertently hinder their emotional maturity. [IV] Ultimately, equipping youth with robust coping mechanisms is the most effective way to foster genuine psychological resilience.

Question 20. According to paragraph 1, teenage anxiety is currently recognized as ____________.

        A. occasional pre-exam jitters that affect millions of adolescents

        B. an unspoken burden limited only to the high school environment

        C. a pervasive and chronic psychological crisis of the modern generation

        D. a rare clinical anomaly that requires immediate epidemiological studies

Question 21. The word “exacerbated” in paragraph 2 mostly means ____________.

A. significantly worsened
B. purposely justified        

C. legally regulated
D. rapidly eased

Question 22. Which of the following best summarises paragraph 2?

A. The digital landscape provides algorithmic beauty standards that help teenagers navigate educational burdens.

B. The combination of intense academic demands and digital pressures drives the current youth anxiety epidemic.

C. Academic institutions are entirely responsible for the hyper-competitive environment that teenagers face today.

D. Social media platforms are the sole reason why teenagers feel trapped in a relentless cycle of comparison.

Question 23. According to paragraph 3, what is a physical consequence of chronic anxiety?

A. impairment of cognitive function
B. complete social withdrawal

C. severe insomnia and chronic fatigue
D. a complete loss of motivation

Question 24. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in paragraph 4 as a proactive approach to reversing the anxiety crisis?

        A. Critically evaluating the culture of high-stakes testing in schools.

        B. Integrating emotional regulation training into the school curriculum.

        C. Fostering environments of unconditional support at home.

        D. Eliminating all academic expectations to reduce teenage stress.

Question 25. The word “It” in paragraph 3 refers to ____________.

A. complete social withdrawal
B. temporary shield

C. chronic fatigue
D. the adolescent's ability to cope

Question 26. Which of the following best paraphrases the underlined sentence in paragraph 2?

A. As a result, teenagers are caught in an endless cycle of evaluating themselves against others, keeping their minds continually overstimulated.

B. Consequently, teenagers intentionally trap themselves in social comparisons to stimulate their developing brains.

C. Because of this, the only way to develop an adolescent's brain is to constantly expose them to a cycle of peer evaluation.

D. Therefore, the constant state of hyperarousal in developing brains forces adolescents to compare themselves with their peers relentlessly.

Question 27. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?

A. Schools that successfully integrate emotional training into their curriculum will completely eradicate the need for high-stakes testing.

B. Parents must eliminate all academic expectations in order to provide their children with an environment of unconditional support.

C. The existing approaches to the youth anxiety crisis have largely been reactive, addressing the issue only after psychological distress has surfaced.

D. Protecting teenagers from every minor setback is considered a proactive measure to foster genuine psychological resilience.

Question 28. Where in the passage does the following sentence best fit?

Equally important is the implementation of healthy digital boundaries at home, allowing their overstimulated minds a chance to recover.

A. [II]
B. [IV]
C. [I]
D. [III]

Question 29. Which of the following best summarises the passage?

A. Teenage anxiety is a severe crisis fueled by academic and digital pressures, causing profound negative impacts, but it can be mitigated through comprehensive support and resilience-building.

B. Schools and parents are solely to blame for the teenage anxiety epidemic, as they continuously force adolescents into social withdrawal and cognitive impairment.

C. The only way to cure the modern psychological crisis is to completely ban social media platforms and eliminate all high-stakes testing in academic institutions.

D. Modern teenagers are increasingly using social media to escape the hyper-competitive educational environment, leading to chronic physical illnesses like insomnia.

Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best arrangement of utterances or sentences to make a cohesive and coherent exchange or text in each of the following questions from 30 to 34.

Question 30. 

A. One major benefit is the massive reduction in greenhouse gas emissions compared to gas-powered cars.

B. The shift towards electric vehicles (EVs) is accelerating globally at an unprecedented rate.

C. Many consumers still worry that finding a charging station on long road trips will be extremely difficult.

D. Addressing this infrastructure gap is therefore crucial for the widespread adoption of green transport.

e. This green transition, however, faces significant hurdles regarding the public charging infrastructure.

A. a – b – c – e – d
B. e – c – b – a – d
C. b – a – e – c – d
D. b – e – a – c – d

Question 31. 

A.  John: Thanks! I put a lot of effort into researching the data.

B.  John: How do you like my new presentation on climate change?

C.  Alice: It's absolutely brilliant! The visual charts are stunning.

A. b – a – c
B. a – b – c
C. c – b – a
D. b – c – a

Question 32. 

A. Recent surveys show that customers now prioritize fast delivery and easy returns over brand loyalty.

B. The e-commerce industry has fundamentally altered consumer purchasing habits over the last decade.

C. Many traditional retailers initially ignored this digital shift, leading to massive store closures.

D. An omnichannel approach has consequently become essential for retail survival in this modern era.

e. This demand for extreme convenience is largely driven by the busy lifestyles of modern urbanites.

f. Furthermore, mobile shopping apps allow users to browse and buy goods anytime, anywhere.

A. b – a – c – e – d – f
B. b – c – a – e – f – d
C. b – c – e – d – f – a
D. c – b – a – f – d – e

Question 33. 

A.  Mike: That's a valid point, which is why copyright laws need urgent updating.

B.  Mike: Do you think AI-generated artwork should be considered real art?

C.  Sarah: Not really. It just copies styles from human artists without permission.

D.  Mike: Exactly. Fair compensation will solve most of these modern ethical issues.

e. Sarah: I agree. Human artists should definitely be compensated if their work is used.

A. b – c – a – e – d
B. b – a – c – d – e
C. d – c – a – b – e
D. c – a – b – e – d

Question 34. 

Dear Sir/Madam,

A. Additionally, my recent internship at XYZ Corp equipped me with practical teamwork skills.

B. I am writing to apply for the Marketing Assistant position advertised on your website.

C. I look forward to the opportunity to discuss how my skills align with your company's needs.

D. As a recent graduate with a degree in Communications, I have a strong foundation in digital marketing.

e. Please find my resume attached to this email for your detailed review.

Yours faithfully,

John Doe

A. a – b – d – e – c
B. b – d – a – e – c
C. e – b – a – d – c
D. b – e – a – d – c

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 15 to 19.

STEM Education: Preparing Students for the Future

        STEM education - encompassing Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics - is increasingly regarded as a cornerstone of modern schooling rather than a niche academic track. Across the globe, forward-thinking institutions are restructuring their curricula, (15) ____________.

        Despite its growing momentum, critics argue that a rigid STEM focus can marginalize students with strengths in the arts and humanities. Many educators caution that an exclusively technical approach (16) ____________. They contend that creativity and emotional intelligence are equally indispensable, since innovation rarely occurs in isolation from human context.

        Proponents, however, counter that modern STEM pedagogy has evolved well beyond rote calculation and memorization. (17) ____________. Moreover, embedding real-world problem-solving into science and mathematics lessons cultivates analytical habits that benefit students across all disciplines. (18) ____________. It is therefore not merely a curriculum trend but a strategic investment in equipping young people with the adaptive skills demanded by a rapidly changing economy. (19) ____________.

Question 15. 

        A. integrating hands-on project work and coding skills alongside conventional subjects

        B. to be integrated at hands-on project work and coding skills alongside conventional subjects

        C. integrated to hands-on project work and coding skills alongside conventional subjects

        D. which integrate to hands-on project work and coding skills alongside conventional subjects

Question 16. 

        A. depriving students of the broad cultural literacy needed for well-rounded development

        B. may deprive students of the broad cultural literacy needed for well-rounded development

        C. are deprived students of the broad cultural literacy needed for well-rounded development

        D. to be deprived of the broad cultural literacy needed for well-rounded development

Question 17. 

A. Instead, contemporary STEM programmes actively foster collaboration, critical thinking, and creative design

        B. For example, it forces technical guidance to replace all creative thinking

        C. Otherwise, forcing students to collaborate without proper creative guidance

        D. Therefore, they completely prevent students from developing critical or collaborative skills

Question 18. 

A. Demanding as it may appear to some traditionalists, comprehensive STEM education is undeniably transformative

B. So demanding comprehensive STEM education seems that it is undeniably transformative

C. Though critics seem controversially traditional, comprehensive STEM education is undeniably transformative

D. However demanding may it seem to some traditionalists, comprehensive STEM education is undeniably transformative

Question 19. 

A. Implementing thoughtfully, STEM programmes can significantly raise both academic achievement and workforce readiness

B. Implemented thoughtfully, STEM programmes can significantly raise both academic achievement and workforce readiness

C. Having implemented thoughtfully, STEM programmes significantly raise both academic achievement and workforce readiness

D. To implement thoughtfully, can STEM programmes significantly raise both academic achievement and workforce readiness

Read the following announcement and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 9 to 14.

Master the Art of Floral Design – Weekend Workshop

        Join us on October 12th at the City Community Center for an inspiring Floral Design Masterclass! (9) ____________ you are a complete beginner or a seasoned decorator, this course will spark your creativity. Participants will explore various styles, witnessing classic arrangements, modern minimalist displays, and sustainable floristry.

        The event will also feature live demonstrations (10) ____________ by award-winning florists, offering a deeper understanding of floral harmony. This workshop is a golden opportunity for art lovers and event planners to discover hidden talents and (11) ____________ new artistic hobbies. By the end of the session, every participant (12) ____________ their very own masterpiece to take home.

        Don’t miss this incredible chance to show your (13) ____________ to floral art, making a lasting (14) ____________ on your home decor!

        For more information, visit https://floralmasterclass.org

Question 9.
A. Although
B. Whether
C. Unless
D. Because

Question 10.
A. led
B. leading
C. lead
D. are led

Question 11.
A. put through
B. look for
C. get on
D. take up

Question 12. 

A. will have created
B. created
C. will be created
D. creates

Question 13.
A. committed
B. committee
C. commit
D. commitment

Question 14.
A. difference
B. impact
C. mark
D. consequence