Read the following advertisement and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option...

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 1 to 5.

CHAT GPT - ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE

Chat GPT is a language model developed by Open AI that uses deep learning techniques to generate human-like responses to text-based prompts or questions. GPT stands for "Generative Pre-Trained Transformer", which is a type of neural network architecture (1) ____________.

The GPT model is capable of generating coherent and contextually relevant responses to a wide range of prompts, (2) ____________, such as chatbots, language translation, and content creation. As a language model, (3) ____________, enabling it to generate responses that sound like they were written by a human.

Chat GPT gets its information from a vast corpus of text data that has been preprocessed and used to train the model. (4) ____________, such as books, articles, web pages, and other forms of text-based content that are available on the internet. (5) ____________ that it has learned from this training data.

Everyone wonders if this tool will eliminate the majority of jobs and put a huge majority of people out of work. This is what Chat GPT answered when asked the question.

Question 1. 

A. that has been trained on large amounts of text data

B. being trained based on a wide variety of data

C. which using deep learning techniques on extensive data sets

D. to be trained by a massive data set of text

Question 2. 

A. from which makes it useful for a wide range of applications

B. that makes it useful for a wide range of applications

C. what makes it useful for a wide range of applications

D. making it useful for a wide range of applications

Question 3. 

A. having the ability to create human-like dialogues in a wide variety of contexts

B. which is capable of producing responses in a way that resembles human conversation

C. the purpose of Chat GPT is to generate data from various sources of text

D. Chat GPT is designed to learn and understand the structure of human language

Question 4. 

A. It consists mostly of spoken dialogues and visual materials

B. The sources in this corpus come from various specific fields

C. This corpus includes a diverse range of sources

D. A wide array of sources is excluded in this corpus

Question 5. 

A. In contrast, the information it produces is based on its extensive knowledge

B. Therefore, the responses it generates can incorporate knowledge and information

C. Thus, it generates completely original ideas without relying on any prior knowledge

D. As a result, the generated responses often contain a lot of made-up facts

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 6 to 13.

Most of us have taken a selfie at one time or another, be it a photo of ourselves in a beautiful place, during a performance by our favourite band, or on a memorable night out with friends. But today, more and more people are putting their lives at risk in an attempt to get the most shocking pictures to share on social media. In several cases, this action has had disastrous consequences.

Take, for example, the Spaniard who was killed by a bull while he was taking a selfie during the annual bull run in a village near his hometown, or the Singaporean tourist who died when he fell from cliffs on the coast of Bali. Such tragedies have led to the death toll from selfie-related incidents reaching double figures for the first time in 2015, overtaking the number of victims of shark attacks.

Despite the risks, social media is full of pictures featuring near misses that could have been fatal under other circumstances. Under the caption 'Most dangerous selfie ever', a woman posing at a stadium can be seen narrowly avoiding being hit in the head by a baseball approaching her. Yet the photo has received thousands of "likes", and the comments below it suggest that this behavior is something to be admired.

In response to the increasing threat posed by the selfies, the authorities have started to take action. National parks, such as the Waterton Canyon in Denver, Colorado, have closed their gates to visitors approaching the bears for photos. The Russian Interior Ministry has launched a public education campaign advising selfie-takers not to balance on dangerous surfaces or pose with their pets. But if instructions like this are really necessary, then perhaps it is about time we asked ourselves which is more important, a 'like' or a life?

Question 6. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a cause of selfie-related accidents?

A. Being hit by a bull
B. Drowning in the ocean        

C. Being struck by a baseball
D. Falling from cliffs

Question 7. The word “tragedies” in paragraph 2 can be best replaced by ____________.

A. bad luck
B. bad injuries
C. dull moments
D. sad events

Question 8. The word “fatal” in paragraph 3 is OPPOSITE in meaning to ____________.

A. harmless
B. serious
C. painful
D. life-threatening

Question 9. The word “their” in paragraph 4 refers to ____________.

A. visitors
B. National parks
C. the bears
D. the Waterton Canyon

Question 10. Which of the following best paraphrases the underlined sentence in paragraph 4?

A. If safety warnings are needed, we should reconsider whether social media attention is worth the risk.

B. Authorities focus more on social media likes than public safety, which is problematic.

C. Life seems to matter only when one gains significant attention and validation on social media platforms.

D. People should follow safety instructions carefully if they want to gain more likes on social media.

Question 11. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A. A majority of dangerous selfies lead to serious consequences, including death or injury.

B. Shark attacks caused more deaths than selfies in 2015, according to reported statistics.

C. Many people continue to admire and share risky selfies despite the obvious danger.

D. Social media users are no longer interested in sharing or viewing dangerous selfies online.

Question 12. In which paragraph does the author mention specific cases of deaths caused by selfies?

A. Paragraph 4
B. Paragraph 2
C. Paragraph 3
D. Paragraph 1

Question 13. In which paragraph does the author discuss the measures taken by governments or officials regarding dangerous selfies?

A. Paragraph 4
B. Paragraph 1
C. Paragraph 3
D. Paragraph 2

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 14 to 23.

Present-day climate change includes both global warming, the steady rise in Earth's average temperature and its broader effects on the planet's climate. [I] In a wider sense, climate change also includes long-term changes in Earth's climate in the past. [II] The current increase in global temperatures is mainly caused by human activities, especially the burning of fossil fuels since the Industrial Revolution. [III] Using fossil fuels, cutting down forests, and certain farming and industrial activities release greenhouse gases. [IV]

Climate change has an increasingly large impact on the environment. Deserts are growing, heat waves and wildfires are happening more often. The faster warming in the Arctic has caused frozen ground to thaw, glaciers to shrink, and sea ice to disappear. Warmer temperatures are also making storms, droughts, and other extreme weather events stronger. Rapid changes in mountains, coral reefs, and the Arctic are forcing many animals and plants to move or even disappear. Even if we succeed in reducing future warming, some effects will last for hundreds of years. These include rising ocean temperatures, increasing ocean acidity, and higher sea levels.

Climate change is a serious threat to people. It can lead to more floods, extreme heat, shortages of food and water, more diseases, and financial losses. It can also cause people to move to new places and even lead to conflicts. The World Health Organization considers climate change one of the biggest dangers to human health in the 21st century. If no action is taken to slow warming, both societies and ecosystems will face much bigger risks.

Climate change can be mitigated by cutting down the amount of greenhouse gases released into the air and by increasing the removal of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. To keep global warming below 1.5 °C, the world must reach net-zero greenhouse gas emissions by 2050, or by 2070 to keep warming under 2 °C. This requires major and widespread changes in energy use, land use, cities, transportation, buildings, and industries.

Question 14. Which paragraph does the following sentence best fit?

These gases trap some of the heat that the Earth gives off after absorbing sunlight, making the lower atmosphere warmer.

A. [IV]
B. [III]
C. [II]
D. [I]

Question 15. The phrase “caused frozen ground to thaw” in paragraph 2 could be best replaced by ____________.

A. created heavy snowfall
B. froze the surface of the Earth

C. protected frozen landscapes
D. made icy soil melt

Question 16. The word “These” in paragraph 2 refers to ____________.

A. Rising sea levels
B. Effects of climate change

C. Greenhouse gases
D. Rising ocean temperatures

Question 17. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as an effect of climate change in the passage?

A. water contamination
B. economic losses        

C. extreme weather events
D. food shortages

Question 18. Which of the following best summarises paragraph 2?

A. It discusses the effects of rising ocean temperatures and how these leads to melting ice and other serious environmental changes.

B. It outlines how climate change has evolved over time and the growing challenges humanity faces as a result.

C. It explains how fossil fuel usage has contributed to the acceleration of climate change and its long-term effects on the planet.

D. It describes various environmental impacts of climate change, including changes in weather patterns and the loss of ecosystems.

Question 19. The word “mitigated” in paragraph 4 is OPPOSITE in meaning to ____________.

A. alleviated
B. ignored
C. increased
D. reduced

Question 20. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A. Climate change mainly affects certain regions that often experience unusual weather conditions.

B. Ocean warming and rising sea levels are likely to reverse naturally without human intervention.

C. Most environmental changes caused by climate change can be fixed within a short period of time.

D. Human actions are widely recognized as a primary factor contributing to the current global warming.

Question 21. Which of the following best paraphrases the underlined sentence in paragraph 3?

A. Without intervention, human societies are likely to face greater risks than natural ecosystems from climate change.

B. If warming continues without intervention, both human societies and ecosystems will be at greater risk.

C. Without reducing the level of warming, rising temperatures could primarily put human societies at risk.

D. If we choose not to act on climate change, the planet may eventually recover without major damage.

Question 22. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?

A. The World Health Organization considers climate change the greatest threat to human health in the 21st century.

B. Substantial changes in human consumption can reduce the effect of climate.

C. Governments around the world have already made great progress in reducing the negative effects of climate change.

D. Climate change is a global issue that can be solved quickly with minimal effort and resources.

Question 23. Which of the following best summarises the passage?

A. The Industrial Revolution contributed significantly to climate change, but other human actions are also important causes of global warming.

B. Climate change has significantly affected the Arctic region so far, while other regions have experienced only minor environmental consequences.

C. Climate change driven by human activities is causing significant environmental damage, but it is possible to reduce its effects through global efforts.

D. Climate change is a long-term process that is gradually affecting various ecosystems, although its exact impact on human life remains a subject of ongoing study.

Read the following announcement and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 24 to 29.

International Commerce Association Call for Papers - ICA

(24) ____________ proposals for presentations on any aspect of international commerce are invited, including finance, accounting, marketing, advertising, law, foreign policy, and cross-cultural sensitivity.

Due to space (25) ____________, proposals for presentations on business technology, human resources, and insurance will not be considered.

(26) ____________ ICA policy, each person may present only once during the conference and may also serve once as a session chairperson.

All proposals should include the following:

✓ The attached application cover sheets, (27) ____________ the presentation format.

✓ Four copies of a 250-word typed, double-spaced summary of your presentation. On two copies, include each

presenter’s name. Do not include any identification on (28) ____________ two copies.

✓ An audio-visual equipment request form.

The selection committee will carefully (29) ____________ all proposals before final decisions are made.

Question 24.
A. A number of
B. An amount of
C. The number of
D. A great deal of

Question 25.
A. obstacles
B. inhibitions
C. constraints
D. expansion

Question 26.
A. According to
B. Regardless of
C. Instead of
D. With a view to

Question 27.
A. handling
B. indicating
C. adjusting
D. improving

Question 28.
A. other
B. the other
C. the others
D. others

Question 29.
A. look up
B. go through
C. come across
D. put off

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best arrangement of utterances or sentences to make a meaningful exchange or text in each of the following questions from 30 to 34.

Question 30. 

A.  Linda: Hey, Emma! I’ve been learning how to bake bread recently, and it’s so much fun!

B.  Emma: Wow, that sounds amazing! I’ve always wanted to try baking. I bet homemade bread tastes so much better.

C.  Emma: Hey, Linda! Long time no see! How’s everything going?

A. b – a – c
B. a – c – b
C. c – b – a
D. c – a – b

Question 31.

A.  Laura: I'm sure they'd be up for it. I'll text them now and see if they're free.

B.  Rachel: Perfect! If they’re in, I’ll make a reservation. Let's aim for Saturday afternoon!

C.  Rachel: Yeah, but we need to gather a group. Do you think Jack and Lily would be interested in joining us?

D.  Rachel: Hey Laura, have you heard about the new café that just opened downtown?

e. Laura: I have! It’s supposed to have amazing coffee and a cozy atmosphere. Are you thinking of going this

weekend?

A. b – a – c – e – d
B. d – e – c – a – b
C. d – a – b – e – c
D. d – a – c – e – b

Question 32. 

Hello Alex,

A. Also, I tried that booking website you mentioned, and it’s saved me quite a bit!

B. I loved reading about all the spots you suggested, especially the cycling routes.

C. I’m planning my trip now, so I’ll definitely add a few of those to my list.

D. Thanks a lot for sending the travel recommendations last week. I really appreciate it!

e. I’ll let you know how it all goes – maybe we can travel together someday! Cheers,

Peter

A. d – b – c – a – e
B. b – d – e – c – a
C. d – c – a – b – e
D. c – d – a – e – b

Question 33. 

A. Many elders in our community, who have long been the keepers of these tales, have passed away without passing on their knowledge to the younger generation, risking the loss of our cultural heritage.

B. In the past, these stories were shared during festivals, where families and neighbors would gather, helping to keep the tradition alive and strengthen community bonds.

C. Without immediate action to preserve these stories, such as recording them or hosting workshops, this cherished part of our culture could soon disappear.

D. The traditional art of storytelling in our village is at serious risk of fading away unless we take steps to protect it.

e. With modern entertainment like TV and social media taking over, fewer people are valuing this unique tradition, which has been part of our culture for generations.

A. d – e – a – c – b
B. d – b – c – a – e
C. d – c – e – b – a
D. d – a – b – e – c

Question 34. 

A. Furthermore, with this change, the school plans to introduce advanced programs and extracurricular activities that cater to gifted students, enhancing their overall educational experience.

B. This initiative is expected to foster a more stimulating learning environment, encouraging students to pursue excellence in their respective fields.

C. As a result, this development is anticipated to benefit both the students and the community by nurturing future leaders and innovators.

D. The decision to transform Mai Linh School into a school for the gifted aims to provide specialized education

tailored to students’ unique talents and abilities.

e. Overall, the transition to a school for the gifted not only emphasizes academic achievement but also aims to develop critical thinking and creativity among students.

A. b – d – a – c – e
B. d – a – e – b – c
C. d – b – c – a – e
D. d – b – a – c – e