Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best arrangement of utterances or sentences...

Read the following passage about The Growing Homelessness Crisis in England and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 23 to 30.

Recent data reveal that homelessness in England has reached unprecedented levels, affecting 382,618 individuals on any given night in 2025. This figure includes 175,025 children and represents approximately one person in every 153 residents. The situation has worsened by eight percent compared to the previous year, adding roughly 28,600 more people to these concerning statistics. As winter approaches, thousands face harsh conditions without proper shelter or security.

The majority of homeless individuals are not sleeping on the streets but residing in temporary housing arrangements. Around 350,480 people currently occupy such accommodation, marking the highest number ever documented. Additionally, approximately 4,667 individuals sleep rough nightly, showing a twenty percent annual increase. Another 16,294 single adults stay in hostels, while 4,031 receive housing through social services. These temporary solutions often become their permanent reality, with families spending nearly three years in inadequate conditions.

Although London accounts for over fifty percent of homeless cases, this challenge affects the entire nation. The Northwest experienced a fifteen percent surge, while Yorkshire, the Humber, and the West Midlands each saw eleven percent growth. Newham displays the highest concentration nationally, with one resident in eighteen experiencing homelessness. Outside the capital, Slough faces the worst situation, affecting one person in forty-three. These regional variations demonstrate the pervasive nature of this social problem.

The primary causes stem from systemic issues within the housing sector. A critical lack of social housing combines with excessive private rental prices to create unsustainable living situations. Furthermore, housing benefits remain frozen below actual rental expenses, preventing vulnerable families from securing stable homes. Experts recommend immediate government intervention, particularly unfreezing housing assistance to match at least thirty percent of private rental costs. Building affordable social properties could provide lasting solutions for displaced households.

https://england.shelter.org.uk/am

Question 23: According to the passage, which statement is NOT mentioned?

A.  The number of children affected by homelessness in England

B.  The specific poor conditions found in temporary accommodation

C.  The percentage increase in rough sleeping over one year

D.  The average time families spend in temporary housing

Question 24: The word “harsh” in paragraph 1 is OPPOSITE in meaning to _________.

A.  austere                                        B. rigorous                                        C. clement                                        D. arduous

Question 25: The word “their” in paragraph 2 refers to _________.

A.  families in temporary housing

B.  single adults in hostels

C.  social services providers

D.  government housing officials

Question 26: The word “pervasive” in paragraph 3 could be best replaced by _________.

A.  sporadic                                        B. ubiquitous                                C. negligible                                        D. peripheral

Question 27: Which of the following best paraphrases the underlined sentence in paragraph 4?

A.  Housing aid stays fixed above market rents, helping at-risk families find permanent homes.

B.  Rental subsidies are adjusted below housing costs, enabling needy households to secure shelter.

C.  Housing support remains unchanged under real rent prices, blocking vulnerable families from stable housing.

D.  Benefit payments fluctuate beneath rental rates, allowing disadvantaged groups to obtain temporary accommodation.

Question 28: Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A.  The Northwest region experienced a fifteen percent increase in homelessness cases last year.

B.  Yorkshire and Humber regions showed a twenty percent growth in homeless population annually.

C.  West Midlands recorded the highest concentration of homelessness outside London metropolitan area.

D.  Newham district demonstrates approximately forty-three residents per single homeless individual nationally.

Question 29: In which paragraph does the writer mention what the main form of homelessness is?

A.  Paragraph 1                                B. Paragraph 4                                C. Paragraph 3                                D. Paragraph 2

Question 30: In which paragraph does the writer mention which area has the worst homelessness rate outside London?

A.  Paragraph 2                                B. Paragraph 3                                C. Paragraph 1                                D. Paragraph 4

Read the following advertisement and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 1 to 6.

BreathPure HEPA Air Purifier—Your Shield Against Invisible Threats

⮚        Did you know that (1)_________ of the microplastics you breathe come from indoor environments? Recent studies show that tiny plastic particles can (2)_________ deep into your lungs, potentially causing serious health problems.

⮚        Our BreathPure HEPA Air Purifier, (3)_________ removes 99.97% of airborne particles, is your best defense against this invisible danger. The advanced filtration system (4)_________ in our purifiers captures microplastics as small as 1 micrometer.

⮚        Don't (5)_________ protecting your family's health—indoor air can contain 4 times more microplastics than outdoor air!

❖        Order your BreathPure today and (6)_________ easier tomorrow! Removes 68,000+ microplastic particles daily

✔        Ultra-quiet operation

✔        Energy-efficient design

✔        30-day money-back guarantee

❖        Limited time offer: 25% OFF with code CLEANAIR

https://www.theguardian.com/am

Question 1:A. some
B.  each
C.  most
D.  few

Question 2:A. burrow
B.  embed
C.  penetrate
D.  pierce

Question 3:A. where
B.  whom
C.  who
D.  which

Question 4:A. which used
B.  used
C.  using
D.  had used

Question 5:A. give up
B.  hold back
C.  put off
D.  pass up

Question 6:A. breathable 
B.  breathlessly
C.  breathy 
D.  breathe

Read of the following leaflet and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 7 to 12.

BIRD FLU ALERT 2025

Important Information for Poultry Farmers and Communities

❖        What's Happening Now?

⮚        Europe is in the grip (7)_________ an unprecedented bird flu outbreak affecting 29 countries. (8)_________ human infections remain rare, the virus continues to spread rapidly among wild birds and poultry farms.

❖        Key Facts You Need to Know:

⮚        Over 2,800 (9)_________ have been reported since September 2025. The H5N1 strain can lead to the (10)_________ of millions of farm birds to prevent further spread.

⮚        While some farms have been affected, (11)_________ have successfully prevented infection through strict biosecurity measures. Scientists warn the virus could become (12)_________ between humans if it mutates further.

❖        Protect Yourself and Your Birds:

✔        Keep poultry indoors when possible

✔        Report dead wild birds immediately

✔        Maintain strict hygiene protocols

✔        Limit farm visits to essential personnel only

✔        Use protective equipment when handling birds

❖        Emergency Hotline: 1-800-BIRDFLU

❖        More information: www.efsa.europa.eu/birdflu

Report suspected cases immediately—early detection saves lives and livelihoods

https://www.reuters.com/am

Question 7:A. of
B.  to
C.  at
D.  about

Question 8:A. Despite
B.  Even though
C.  However
D.  Whereas

Question 9:A. dangerous detections virus
B.  dangerous virus detections

C.  detections virus dangerous
D.  virus dangerous detections

Question 10:A. disposal
B.  termination
C.  destruction
D.  culling

Question 11:A. other
B.  another
C.  others
D.  the others

Question 12:A. transmissible
B.  spreadable
C.  passable
D.  infectious

Read the following passage about Mexico's Strict New Laws Against Vaping Products and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 18 to 22.

Mexico's new laws about electronic cigarettes (18)_________ or controlling them is better. If the government had considered other options, critics would not have said they were being too strict with vaping products. The Senate has approved these strict new rules that show a clear change toward making vaping illegal, with possible jail time of eight years and large fines. President Claudia Sheinbaum, who strongly supports these measures, thinks vaping can be similar to or worse than regular cigarettes for people's health.

The new law, (19)_________, is a big change from the old rules. Opposition politicians say this ban-only approach might accidentally help illegal trade; (20)_________. Senator Luis Colosio's criticism shows basic worries about whether the law can work in practice, especially since vaping products are still easy to find in Mexico City stores even with current restrictions.

Government officials say they will work with local governments to stop illegal sales from growing; (21)_________. The law creates a strange situation where using vapes is legal, but buying them through legal shops becomes almost impossible. (22)_________. Reuters points out that it's unclear how the law will be enforced, which raises questions about how to apply it, especially considering Mexico's past problems with banning things. While health worries are important, not having safer options might push users to dangerous, illegal products, going against what the law wants to protect.

https://www.reuters.com/am

Question 18:

A.  which prevent annual celebration through various methods during festival seasons

B.  have caused strong disagreement between different groups about whether banning

C.  having reduced public awareness among younger generations toward climate changes

D.  that require modern technology across multiple industries before official opening

Question 19:

A.  offers great services and support to young learners yearly

B.  which has created great benefits for local farmers every season

C.  helped poor farmers and workers during their busy harvest

D.  which focuses on companies and sellers instead of regular users

Question 20:

A.  furthermore, criminal groups could take advantage of this gap to make money

B.  moreover, tourism sectors can bring significant benefits to the local communities yearly

C.  additionally, when students learn well, they can achieve remarkable success in exams

D.  hence, workers rest well, and managers create better conditions for team productivity

Question 21:

A.  however, tourists enjoy beaches, and local residents provide excellent services to guests

B.  moreover, when companies invest more, they often achieve significant growth in revenue

C.  furthermore, several students believe that modern technology can greatly help their learning

D.  nevertheless, many people doubt if this cooperation will really work for street sellers

Question 22:

A.  That farmers grow organic food shows their commitment to protecting the environment

B.  Whether companies invest in training will determine their success in global markets

C.  What comes from modern technology can help young students learn better every day

D.  What results from political agreement might make the law less effective in the end

Read the following passage about the Period Poverty: A Hidden Crisis Affecting Millions and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 31 to 40.

Recent findings from Dignity Grows paint a clear picture of an overlooked issue impacting American women. Their comprehensive study surveyed 2,000 females across the nation, revealing that menstrual product insecurity affects nearly 42% of respondents. This widespread problem goes beyond mere inconvenience—it represents a genuine public health emergency that demands immediate attention. [I] The data shows that one in five participants has foregone essential hygiene items due to financial limitations, while transportation barriers and domestic violence further compound accessibility challenges.

Certain demographics face disproportionate hardship regarding menstrual supply availability. Young adults under twenty-five encounter these difficulties at alarming rates, with two-thirds experiencing some form of deprivation. [II] Hispanic communities show particularly concerning statistics at 59%, while households earning below $30,000 annually struggle significantly. Their educational background also plays a crucial role, as those without university qualifications face higher vulnerability. These disparities highlight how socioeconomic factors intersect to create multiple layers of disadvantage for already marginalized groups.

The consequences extend far beyond physical discomfort, creating ripple effects throughout various life domains. Among currently afflicted individuals, psychological well-being deteriorates substantially, with 57% reporting emotional distress. Professional performance suffers considerably—42% acknowledge workplace difficulties, while educational outcomes decline through reduced attendance and participation. Nearly half of those experiencing ongoing scarcity develop medical complications, many requiring serious intervention. [III] Daily routines become increasingly difficult to maintain, affecting everything from social interactions to personal relationships.

Addressing this multifaceted challenge requires comprehensive policy reform and innovative distribution methods. Researchers emphasize the necessity for dignified access points that preserve privacy and autonomy, particularly within residential settings. [IV] Community-based solutions must consider cultural sensitivities while ensuring consistent availability. Investment in research remains vital for understanding long-term implications and developing effective interventions. Only through coordinated efforts between government agencies, healthcare providers, and advocacy organizations can society begin dismantling the structural barriers perpetuating this crisis.

https://dignitygrows.org/am

Question 31: The phrase “paint a clear picture” in paragraph 1 has the closest meaning to _________.

A.  lay out                                        B. cover up                                        C. turn down                                D. put off

Question 32: According to the passage, all of the following are mentioned as consequences EXCEPT _________.

A.  increased dropout rates

B.  emotional distress

C.  medical complications

D.  workplace difficulties

Question 33: Where in the paragraph does the following sentence best fit?

Furthermore, 48% report struggling with routine tasks.

A.  [I]
B. [II]
C. [III]
D. [IV]

Question 34: The word “Their” in paragraph 2 refers to _________.

A.  researchers

B.  American women

C.  respondents

D.  certain demographics

Question 35: Which of the following best summarises paragraph 3?

A.  Physical complications emerge as primary concern for individuals experiencing ongoing menstrual product scarcity.

B.  Menstrual product insecurity creates widespread impacts across psychological, professional, educational, medical, and personal domains.

C.  Educational performance experiences most severe decline followed by workplace productivity and interpersonal relationship quality.

D.  Emotional distress emerges as predominant effect while medical complications and routine difficulties remain secondary.

Question 36: The word “afflicted” in paragraph 3 is OPPOSITE in meaning to _________.

A.  troubled                                        B. harmed                                        C. thriving                                        D. distressed

Question 37: Which of the following best paraphrases the underlined sentence in paragraph 4?

A.  Research funding is crucial for analyzing immediate effects and using current solutions.

B.  Research investment continues to be essential for grasping future consequences and creating successful interventions.

C.  Financial support stays important for documenting present trends and improving existing methods.

D.  Investigation backing proves necessary for studying past patterns and strengthening established responses.

Question 38: Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A.  Hispanic populations experience supply shortages at approximately forty-two percent nationwide annually.

B.  Workplace performance difficulties affect fifty-seven percent of menstrually insecure individuals regularly.

C.  Transportation barriers primarily impact twenty percent of economically disadvantaged household members.

D.  Medical complications develop among nearly half of those experiencing ongoing menstrual scarcity.

Question 39: Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?

A.  Educational attainment correlates with reduced vulnerability to menstrual product insecurity nationwide.

B.  Transportation difficulties constitute the primary barrier preventing adequate menstrual supply accessibility universally.

C.  Psychological distress emerges exclusively after prolonged exposure to menstrual product scarcity situations.

D.  Government intervention alone sufficiently addresses structural barriers perpetuating menstrual product crisis effectively.

Question 40: Which of the following best summarises the passage?

A.  Menstrual supply scarcity primarily results from transportation barriers affecting marginalized communities, causing workplace difficulties that require exclusive governmental policy interventions.

B.  Financial hardship prevents American females from obtaining hygiene products, leading exclusively to psychological distress that requires healthcare providers developing treatments.

C.  Menstrual product insecurity disproportionately affects vulnerable populations, creating widespread health and social consequences that demand coordinated intervention from multiple sectors.

D.  Hispanic communities and younger demographics experience menstrual shortages primarily from domestic violence, requiring advocacy organizations to establish residential distribution programs.