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Exercise 7: Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to eac...

◉ 0 lượt xem◷ Đăng ngày 27/09/2026▤ Câu số 142
GH

Trần Gia Huy

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Exercise 7: Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 1 to 10.

The Colour of a Promise

On a crowded shelf, the greenest product often looks the calmest. A refill bottle says “eco-friendly”, a coffee cup promises “recyclable packaging”, and a delivery box carries a small leaf that feels like proof. The shopper has little time to check the factory, the container, or the energy behind the label. She wants to reduce waste and protect something larger than herself. The choice feels efficient. That is the quiet advantage of greenwashing: it lets a purchase borrow the language of care.

The trick is rarely a cartoon lie. It is a careful selection of truth. A brand may promote one reusable part while most of its packaging remains single-use. [I] It may mention renewable energy in one office while releasing greenhouse gases through a longer supply chain. [II] It may promise a future reduction in emissions without a credible plan. [III] Some companies are learning, and small changes can matter. But small changes mislead when they cover a larger harmful effect. [IV]

The social cost is harder to see than a polluted river, but it spreads. Eco-conscious customers become unsure which claims to trust. Real sustainability work, requiring patient measurement and less glamorous resource choices, is forced to compete with bright labels and smooth promotional language. A company that tries to conserve natural resources may sound less exciting than one that says its product is “better for the planet”. Rarely does the louder message ask people to buy less. More often, it suggests that consumption can stay comfortable as long as the colour palette turns green.

This is why awareness is not the same as responsibility. Raising awareness of environmental damage can help people change habits, sort household waste, and cut down on needless products. Exploiting that awareness is different. It sells relief from guilt without asking whether the system keeps producing too much. The deepest question is not whether a label looks sustainable, but whether the evidence behind it can survive ordinary doubt. When proof is missing, the green promise does not clean anything. It only makes pollution easier to carry.

[Adapted from https://www.un.org/en/climatechange/science/climate-issues/greenwashing]

Question 1: Where in the passage does the following sentence best fit?

Not every weak claim comes from bad faith.

A. [I]         B. [II]        C. [III]        D. [IV]

Question 2: The phrase “borrow the language of care” in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to __________.

A. make a clear promise to reduce harm        B. use official labels to prove product quality

C. sound responsible without proving real care        D. describe production details in simple terms

Question 3: Which of the following is NOT TRUE according to paragraph 1?

A. Some product signs can make environmental claims look trustworthy.

B. The shopper carefully studies the factory process before buying.

C. The shopper hopes her choice can help reduce waste.

D. Greenwashing can make a purchase feel morally efficient.

Question 4: Which of the following best summarises paragraph 2?

A. Greenwashing is usually built on obvious lies, so careful consumers can quickly identify false environmental promises.

B. Companies should focus on small environmental changes because these always lead to wider improvements in the supply chain.

C. Weak green claims mostly show that brands are still learning, even when their factories create some environmental harm.

D. Greenwashing often uses partial truths, where limited improvements are promoted in ways that hide wider environmental damage.

Question 5: The word “glamorous” in paragraph 3 is OPPOSITE in meaning to __________.

A. careless        B. unattractive        C. dishonest        D. unfamiliar

Question 6: Which of the following best paraphrases the underline sentence in paragraph 3?

A. Serious environmental work becomes more attractive when companies use bright labels to explain complex choices.

B. Careful sustainability efforts may struggle for attention beside simpler, more polished green marketing.

C. Patient measurement is less important than promotional language when shoppers compare environmental claims.

D. Real sustainability succeeds mainly by making resource choices look exciting to eco-conscious customers.

Question 7: The word “It” in paragraph 4 refers to __________.

A. sorting household waste        B. raising public awareness

C. cutting needless products        D. exploiting environmental concern

Question 8: Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?

A. A green claim should be judged by evidence and wider effects, not just by a caring image.

B. Greenwashing can be solved mostly by clearer symbols on recyclable packaging.

C. Silent brands are usually more responsible than brands with visible green labels.

D. Buying less is the only meaningful response to every environmental claim.

Question 9: In which paragraph does the writer discuss how greenwashing can damage customers’ trust and make real sustainability work less visible?

A. Paragraph 1        B. Paragraph 2        C. Paragraph 3        D. Paragraph 4

Question 10: Which of the following best summarises the passage?

A. Green labels help busy shoppers make faster environmental choices, but their value depends on whether companies explain packaging, energy use, and recycling clearly.

B. Greenwashing turns genuine environmental concern into comforting consumption by using partial truths, weakening trust, and replacing evidence with a caring image.

C. Greenwashing happens when companies make weak environmental claims, but these claims can still encourage customers to build better habits and reduce waste.

D. Sustainable shopping becomes difficult because customers often prefer attractive labels, while companies with real environmental work communicate less effectively.

TS

Cô Nguyễn Thị Sen

Chuyên gia

Đã trả lời ngày 27/09/2026

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