Read the following leaflet and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that...

Read the passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions.

Texting the Television

(I) In the past, TV shows targeting young audiences relied on email addresses for interaction. (II) Today in Europe, emails are increasingly replaced by mobile phone numbers, allowing viewers to text shows directly. (III) Text messaging has even surpassed Internet usage, with significant numbers of teenagers in France, Britain, and Germany responding to programs via text, showing how texting has become a key way to engage with television. (IV)

This trend is largely driven by reality TV shows such as Big Brother, where audiences vote to influence outcomes through text messages. Texting is not limited to voting; news programs invite comments, game shows involve audiences in competitions, music shows take song requests, and broadcasters provide on-screen chatrooms. Texting transforms TV from a passive experience to an interactive one, with viewers keeping their phones close while watching.

Texting is also highly profitable. For example, British Big Brother received 5.4 million votes, generating over £1 million. In Germany, MTV’s Videoclash collects tens of thousands of texts per hour, and Belgian quiz shows attract hundreds of thousands of participants monthly. Mobile operators usually take 40 - 50% of revenue, while the rest is shared among broadcasters, producers, and technology providers. Some companies, like Endemol, are developing direct billing systems to bypass operators and retain more profits.

A key factor behind TV-texting’s success is the introduction of short, memorable codes. Initially controlled individually by providers, short codes have become increasingly universal, allowing viewers to use the same codes across networks. These codes are easier to remember on-screen and have made participation simpler, boosting engagement.

Operator cooperation is part of a broader trend. Earlier technologies like WAP failed because providers were unwilling to share revenue. Learning from this, companies such as Orange now offer transparent revenue-sharing models, encouraging the growth of mobile-based interactive services.

Television itself is evolving. Instead of one-way broadcasting, shows now include viewer reactions. Interactive TV using set-top boxes proved costly and limited, with low market penetration. Mobile phones, on the other hand, are widespread, cheaper to develop, and allow rapid deployment. Providers are even integrating texting functions into set-top boxes to combine old and new methods.

The success of TV texting highlights that audiences want more than passive viewing. Even simple, low-tech solutions can replace complex technologies while satisfying demand for interactivity. Viewers clearly enjoy participating rather than just watching, showing that interactive services are both popular and profitable, reshaping the television experience.

Question 7: Where in paragraph 1 does the following sentence best fit?

"Texting has become a popular way for young viewers to engage with TV shows."

A. (I)
B. (II)
C. (III)
D. (IV)

Question 8: According to paragraph 2, which of the following is NOT a way viewers interact with TV via texting?

A. Voting in reality shows
B. Sending song requests

C. Sending text messages to the TV screen
D. Answering email surveys

Question 9: The word "retain" in paragraph 3 is OPPOSITE in meaning to ____________.

A. keep
B. maintain
C. hold
D. give away

Question 10: Which of the following best summarises paragraph 3?

A. Texting generates substantial revenue, and some companies are developing direct billing systems to increase profits.

B. Texting is highly profitable for both operators and producers, but companies are limited in the share they can retain.

C. Television shows are losing money due to the costs of mobile infrastructure and limited audience participation.

D. Mobile operators are refusing to share profits with broadcasters, which reduces the overall financial benefit of texting.

Question 11: Which of the following best paraphrases the underlined sentence in paragraph 4?

"These codes are easier to remember on-screen and have made participation simpler, boosting engagement."

A. Short codes make it easier for viewers to participate, although remembering them may still be confusing for some audiences.

B. Short codes simplify participation but are only recognized on certain networks, which limits full audience engagement.

C. Short codes simplify participation and are easy to remember, encouraging more viewers to actively engage with the show.

D. Short codes are easy to recall, but they do not necessarily increase overall viewer participation or engagement levels.

Question 12: What does the word "this" in paragraph 5 refer to?

A. The success of earlier technologies like WAP

B. The introduction of new interactive TV services

C. The unwillingness of providers to share revenue

D. The cooperation between operators and broadcasters

Question 13: The phrase “revenue-sharing models” in paragraph 5 could be best replaced by ____________.

A. methods that reduce TV profits for broadcasters and producers

B. systems in which income from texting is distributed among multiple stakeholders

C. schemes dividing revenue between operators, producers, and broadcasters

D. strategies that prevent viewers from participating in interactive TV

Question 14: Which of the following is TRUE according to paragraph 5?

A. WAP technology succeeded due to cooperation among operators, improving access to interactive services.

B. Operators are refusing to share revenue with content providers, which has encouraged new billing methods

C. Revenue-sharing models encourage the growth of mobile interactive services by making profit distribution transparent

D. Companies are abandoning revenue-sharing models, which has limited the expansion of text- based interaction

Question 15: Which of the following can be inferred from paragraph 6?

A. Set-top boxes are cheaper and easier to develop than mobile apps, making them the preferred interactive platform.

B. Mobile phones are not widely used, limiting the effectiveness of text-based interactive TV.

C. Mobile texting is more practical and widely accessible than traditional interactive TV using set- top boxes.

D. Television shows no longer include viewer reactions, as texting has replaced interaction entirely.

Question 16: Which of the following best summarises the passage?

A. Texting has made television less popular among young audiences, reducing the overall viewership for shows.

B. TV texting benefits only mobile operators, while broadcasters and producers gain minimal profits.

C. Texting allows viewers to interact with TV, generates revenue, and demonstrates strong demand for participatory viewing experiences.

D. Set-top boxes are the most effective method to engage TV audiences, outperforming mobile texting in popularity.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks.

The Amazon Rainforest, a vast tropical rainforest located in South America, (17) ____________. It is home to an incredible variety of plant and animal species, many of which are still undiscovered. The forest is essential in regulating the Earth’s climate and supporting biodiversity. Visitors to the Amazon can explore its unique ecosystem through guided tours.

The Amazon Rainforest is known for its rich biodiversity (18) ____________. This vast natural area also plays a crucial role in the global climate system, producing 20% of the world’s oxygen. It is a vital part of our planet’s health and survival.

Many tourists visit the Amazon to experience its unique wildlife and lush landscapes. (19) ____________. Additionally, indigenous communities living in the forest contribute to maintaining its ecological balance. Conservation efforts are crucial to protect the forest from deforestation and environmental threats.

Visited by thousands of eco-tourists every year, (20) ____________. Its significance in global environmental health has prompted many international organizations to support its preservation. (21) ____________. Efforts to promote sustainable tourism in the Amazon are helping to raise awareness about the importance of protecting this vital natural resource for future generations.

Question 17:

A. covers over 5.5 million square kilometers

B. which covers over 5.5 million square kilometers

C. covering over 5.5 million square kilometers

D. from which the total area is 5.5 million square kilometers

Question 18:

A. consists of many species of animals, plants, and insects

B. includes many species of animals, plants, and insects

C. which includes many species of animals, plants, and insects

D. in which many species of animals, plants, and insects

Question 19:

A. Offering a close-up view of this incredible ecosystem, visitors can enjoy activities like hiking, bird watching, and river tours

B. This incredible ecosystem with its close-up view contributes to some activities like hiking, bird watching, and river tours

C. A close-up view of this incredible ecosystem celebrates some activities like hiking, bird watching, and river tours

D. Activities like hiking, bird watching, and river tours offer a close-up view of this incredible ecosystem

Question 20:

A. the Amazon Rainforest continues to be a key destination for nature lovers

B. Nature lovers consider the Amazon Rainforest a popular destination

C. an important destination for nature lovers is the Amazon Rainforest

D. International organizations recognize the Amazon Rainforest as a crucial destination

Question 21:

A. Attracting not only tourists but also scientists, the local people can study its complex ecosystems

B. This unique region not only attracts tourists but also scientists who study its complex ecosystems

C. Tourists and scientists study its complex ecosystems so that this region is a unique destination

D. As long as this unique region has complex ecosystems, tourists and scientists are attracted to study it

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best arrangement of utterances or sentences to make a cohesive and coherent exchange or text in each of the following questions.

Question 22:

A.  Lily: Absolutely! I signed up last week and can’t wait to see the neighborhood transform.

B.  Sam: I’m thrilled about the upcoming urban gardening project! Have you registered yet?

C.  Sam: That’s fantastic! Working together like this really motivates me to contribute more.

A. c-b-a
B. b-a-c
C. a-c-b
D. a-b-c

Question 23:

A.  Sophie: Have you already planned which regions you’ll explore first?

B.  Mark: I’m considering a research trip to Iceland next spring.

C.  Mark: Yes, I’ve drafted a preliminary itinerary focusing on the south coast and the highlands.

D.  Sophie: Iceland? That sounds fascinating. What draws you there?

e. Mark: The glaciers and volcanic landscapes are unparalleled, and I’ve been studying them for years.

A. b-d-e-a-c
B. b-d-e-c-a
C. d-b-e-a-c
D. b-e-d-a-c

Question 24:

Dear Alex,

A. Additionally, collaborating with local organizations can amplify the impact of these programs.

B. Ultimately, instilling environmental responsibility in our communities ensures long-term sustainability.

C. I hope this message finds you well. I’ve been brainstorming ways to enhance our environmental initiatives.

D. Moreover, integrating digital tools and interactive content can make learning about conservation more engaging for participants.

e. Firstly, hosting workshops about local biodiversity can raise awareness and engage students in hands-

on activities.

f. I look forward to hearing your thoughts and exploring how we can implement these ideas together. Best regards,

John

A. c-e-a-b-f-d
B. c-e-a-d-b-f
C. a-c-f-d-e-b
D. c-a-d-b-e-f

Question 25:

A. The region also struggles with infrastructure challenges, as public transportation remains underdeveloped.

B. Over the past decade, Greystone has undergone a remarkable transformation, shifting from a quiet suburban town to a vibrant hub of commercial activity.

C. The influx of new residents has increased demand for housing, resulting in a rapid expansion of residential developments across the city.

D. This economic growth has attracted businesses from tech startups to retail giants, significantly enhancing employment opportunities and boosting the local economy.

e. However, the surge in population, along with the expansion of commercial sectors, has led to a noticeable strain on public services and transportation networks.

A. b-d-c-e-a
B. b-c-d-a-e
C. b-c-e-d-a
D. b-e-d-c-a

Question 26:

A. For instance, traveling becomes more enjoyable and meaningful when you can communicate with locals, making each interaction a chance to learn something new.

B. Studies show that bilingual individuals often have improved cognitive abilities, which can lead to better problem-solving skills and memory retention.

C. Furthermore, being able to speak another language not only opens doors to new cultural experiences but also allows people to connect more deeply with others.

D. Learning a second language has become a popular goal for people of all ages.

e. Moreover, language skills are highly valued in today's global job market, where employers seek candidates who can communicate across cultures.

A. d-e-c-b-a
B. d-b-c-a-e
C. d-a-c-b-e
D. d-c-b-a-e

Read the following advertisement and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks.

Embark on a Transformative Cultural Odyssey!

For those who seek not merely to travel but to immerse themselves in the essence of world cultures, our (27) ____________ delivers an unparalleled experience. Each itinerary has been meticulously crafted to highlight the subtle interplay between tradition and modernity, enabling travelers to see how cultural identities evolve over time. (28) ____________ this exclusive expedition allows participants to move beyond surface-level tourism and engage meaningfully with local communities. Participants, when observing sacred rituals or sharing meals with indigenous families, find that every encounter (29) ____________ to deepen your empathy and broaden your worldview. Our team of cultural experts curates encounters (30) ____________ authentic interaction while ensuring sustainable practices that respect local environments. Carefully selected workshops and performances will leave you both intellectually stimulated and emotionally enriched, (31) ____________ the profound power of cultural connection. If you are genuinely curious (32) ____________ how humanity expresses itself across borders, this journey will redefine the way you see the world.

Question 27: 

A. culturally immersive project touring
B. immersive cultural exploration program

C. exploration program-cultural immersive
D. culturally exploring immersive program

Question 28: 

A. Being joined in
B. Joining
C. To have joined
D. Having joined

Question 29:
A. is intended
B. intends
C. intending
D. intended

Question 30: 

A. aimed to fostering
B. aiming with fostering

C. to aim fostering
D. aimed at fostering

Question 31:
A. illustrating
B. illustrate
C. to illustrate
D. illustrated

Question 32:
A. in
B. about
C. of
D. on

Read the passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions.

Who says print is dead? Walk into Joseph's Magazine Stand in downtown Chicago, where glossy covers still catch eyes and spark conversations. "People come here seeking stories, not just information," muses Joseph Chen, who has run stands since 1985. Between towering racks of publications, readers forge their unexpected connections.

Print magazines shape cultural narratives in ways digital platforms struggle to replicate. Market research from Columbia Journalism Review unveils that readers retain 65% more information from print articles than digital ones. Readers' emotional engagement amplifies through their physical interaction with pages. Magazine subscribers demonstrate remarkable loyalty, with specialty publications maintaining subscription rates even as digital alternatives proliferate. Independent magazines flourish in particular niches, where devoted readers savor curated content and tangible experiences.

Print publications cultivate distinct reading rituals. Morning commuters fold newspaper corners on trains, while coffee shop regulars annotate magazine margins. The tactile nature of print media engenders contemplative reading patterns. Scientific studies reveal that paper-based reading stimulates neural pathways associated with deeper comprehension. Paper activates spatial memory, allowing readers to map information physically across pages.

Magazines build bridges between creators and audiences through innovative formats. Art directors experiment with paper types and printing techniques to enhance storytelling. Photography gains depth through carefully chosen paper finishes. Editorial teams orchestrate visual narratives across spreads, guiding readers through carefully paced journeys. Reader letters transform into community forums, where subscribers debate ideas across monthly issues. This collaborative spirit permeates throughout production, fostering meaningful dialogue between writers, designers, and devoted readers who anticipate each carefully crafted edition.

Question 33: Which of the following is NOT mentioned as an advantage of print magazines?

A. enhanced memory retention rates
B. specialized content curation

C. advertising effectiveness rates
D. tactile reading experience

Question 34: The word "permeates" in the final paragraph is OPPOSITE in meaning to ____________.

A. dissipates
B. saturates
C. infiltrates
D. penetrates

Question 35: The word "their" in paragraph 2 refers to ____________.

A. platforms
B. readers
C. magazines
D. narratives

Question 36: The word "contemplative" in paragraph three could be best replaced by ____________.

A. perceptive
B. cognitive
C. awkward
D. thoughtful

Question 37: Which of the following best paraphrases the underlined sentence?

"Editorial teams orchestrate visual narratives across spreads, guiding readers through carefully paced journeys."

A. Design specialists strategically position visual elements throughout publications to shape reader engagement patterns

B. Editorial departments carefully construct sequential visual stories that lead audiences through magazine experiences

C. Magazine teams develop interconnected layouts across multiple pages to direct information consumption rates

D. Publication staff members coordinate the arrangement of imagery to control audience reading progression

Question 38: Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A. Print media provides readers with more useful information than digital ones.

B. Some print magazines maintain subscription numbers despite digital reading options.

C. Paper-based reading activates some specific pathways in neural comprehension.

D. Magazine stands create spaces where readers discover their unexpected insights.

Question 39: In which paragraph does the writer mention the concept of memory retention when comparing print and digital reading?

A. Paragraph 1
B. Paragraph 2
C. Paragraph 3
D. Paragraph 4

Question 40: In which paragraph does the writer explore creative production elements?

A. Paragraph 1
B. Paragraph 2
C. Paragraph 3
D. Paragraph 4